Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Neuroimage. 2015 Jan 1;104:355-65. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.09.035. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
On average, men show larger brain volumes than women. Regional differences have been also observed, although most of the available studies apply voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Reports applying surface-based morphometry (SBM) have been focused mainly on cortical thickness (CT). Here we apply SBM for obtaining global and regional indices of CT, cortical surface area (CSA), and cortical gray matter volume (CGMV) from samples of men (N=40) and women (N=40) matched for their performance on four cognitive factors varying in their complexity: processing speed, attention control, working memory capacity, and fluid intelligence. These were the main findings: 1) CT and CSA produced very weak correlations in both sexes, 2) men showed larger values in CT, CSA, and CGMV, and 3) cognitive performance was unrelated to brain structural variation within sexes. Therefore, we found substantial group differences in brain structure, but there was no relationship with cognitive performance both between and within-sexes.
平均而言，男性的大脑体积大于女性。尽管大多数可用的研究都应用了基于体素的形态测量学（VBM），但也观察到了区域差异。报告主要集中在皮质厚度（CT）上，应用基于表面的形态测量学（SBM）。在这里，我们应用 SBM 从表现出不同复杂程度的四个认知因素（加工速度、注意力控制、工作记忆容量和流体智力）相匹配的男性（N=40）和女性（N=40）样本中获得 CT、皮质表面积（CSA）和皮质灰质体积（CGMV）的全球和区域指数。主要发现如下：1）男性和女性的 CT 和 CSA 相关性都非常弱，2）男性在 CT、CSA 和 CGMV 方面表现出更大的值，3）认知表现与性别内的大脑结构变化无关。因此，我们发现大脑结构存在明显的组间差异，但在性别间和性别内，认知表现与大脑结构变化均没有关系。
