Semrau Luke
J Med Ethics. 2015 Jun;41(6):443-6. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2014-102390. Epub 2014 Sep 25.
Simon Rippon has recently argued against kidney markets on the grounds that introducing the option to vend will result in many people, especially the poor, being subject to harmful pressure to vend. Though compelling, Rippon's argument fails. What he takes to be a single phenomenon-social and legal pressure to vend-is actually two. Only one of these forms of pressure is, by Rippon's own account, harmful. Further, an empirically informed view of the regulated market suggests that this harmful pressure is easily avoided. Thus, the harm that is the lynchpin of Rippon's opposition is neither a necessary feature of the market nor is it likely to play a significant role in its operation.
西蒙·里彭最近反对肾脏市场，理由是引入售卖选项会导致许多人，尤其是穷人，受到有害的售卖压力。尽管里彭的论点很有说服力，但它是错误的。他所认为的单一现象——售卖的社会和法律压力——实际上是两种。根据里彭自己的说法，这些压力形式中只有一种是有害的。此外，对受监管市场的实证研究表明，这种有害压力很容易避免。因此，里彭反对的关键危害既不是市场的必要特征，也不太可能在市场运作中发挥重要作用。
