Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut, 354 Mansfield Road, Unit 1176, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Department of Archaeology, University of Winchester, Winchester, SO22 4NR, UK.
Science. 2014 Sep 26;345(6204):1609-13. doi: 10.1126/science.1256484.
The Lower to Middle Paleolithic transition (~400,000 to 200,000 years ago) is marked by technical, behavioral, and anatomical changes among hominin populations throughout Africa and Eurasia. The replacement of bifacial stone tools, such as handaxes, by tools made on flakes detached from Levallois cores documents the most important conceptual shift in stone tool production strategies since the advent of bifacial technology more than one million years earlier and has been argued to result from the expansion of archaic Homo sapiens out of Africa. Our data from Nor Geghi 1, Armenia, record the earliest synchronic use of bifacial and Levallois technology outside Africa and are consistent with the hypothesis that this transition occurred independently within geographically dispersed, technologically precocious hominin populations with a shared technological ancestry.
下更新世至中更新世过渡时期（约 40 万年至 20 万年前），标志着非洲和欧亚大陆各地人类种群在技术、行为和解剖结构上发生了变化。从两面石器（如手斧）到用从勒瓦娄哇核上剥落的石片制作的工具的转变，记录了自 100 多万年前双面技术出现以来石器制作策略最重要的概念转变，有人认为这是由于古老的智人从非洲扩张所致。我们在亚美尼亚的诺盖吉 1 号遗址获得的数据记录了最早在非洲以外地区同时使用两面技术和勒瓦娄哇技术，这与以下假设一致，即这种转变是在具有共同技术渊源的、地理上分散的、技术先进的人类种群中独立发生的。
