Koci Anne Floyd, McFarlane Judith, Cesario Sandra, Symes Lene, Bianchi Ann, Nava Angeles, Gilroy Heidi, Liu Fuqin, Paulson Rene, Montalvo-Liendo Nora, Zahed Hossein
Texas Woman's University, Nursing, Houston, Texas, USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2014 Oct;35(10):745-55. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2014.901450.
Intimate partner violence affects one in three women worldwide, with women who experience violence almost twice as likely to experience poor mental health, especially depression, compared with women who are not abused. To learn the impact of interventions of safe shelter and justice services on improved mental health and behavior functioning, 300 abused women are interviewed every 4 months in a 7-year prospective study. For this paper, abuse, mental health and resiliency status of these women, 1 year after accessing services for the first time, are reported. Measures of mental health (depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), somatization), and adult behavioral functioning are reported. At 4 months following a shelter stay or justice services, a large effect size was measured for improvement in all mental health measures; however, improvement was the lowest for PTSD. All mental health measures plateaued at 4 months with minimum further improvement at 12 months. Both internal behavioral dysfunctions (withdrawal and somatic complaints) were worse with increased depressive symptoms, as were external behavioral dysfunctions (aggressive and rule-breaking behaviors). A concerning 39.2% of the women had clinical PTSD scores at 12 months following receipt of safe shelter or justice services, compared with a much lower percentage of women with clinical depression (14.2%), clinical somatization (9.4%), and clinical anxiety (13.5%). Depression was a significant positive predictor of internal and external behavioral dysfunctions, indicating that women who had higher levels of depression tended to report more internal dysfunctions (withdrawal, anxiety, somatization) and more external behaviors (aggression and rule-breaking).
亲密伴侣暴力影响着全球三分之一的女性，遭受暴力的女性出现心理健康问题尤其是抑郁症的可能性几乎是非受虐女性的两倍。为了解安全庇护所和司法服务干预措施对改善心理健康及行为功能的影响，在一项为期7年的前瞻性研究中，每4个月对300名受虐女性进行访谈。本文报告了这些女性首次获得服务1年后的受虐情况、心理健康状况和恢复力状况。报告了心理健康指标（抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、躯体化）以及成人行为功能。在入住庇护所或接受司法服务4个月后，所有心理健康指标的改善都呈现出较大的效应量；然而，PTSD的改善程度最低。所有心理健康指标在4个月时趋于平稳，12个月时进一步改善的幅度最小。随着抑郁症状的增加，内部行为功能障碍（退缩和躯体不适）以及外部行为功能障碍（攻击性行为和违规行为）都会更严重。在接受安全庇护所或司法服务12个月后，令人担忧的是，39.2%的女性临床PTSD评分达到标准，相比之下，患有临床抑郁症（14.2%）、临床躯体化（9.4%）和临床焦虑症（13.5%）的女性比例要低得多。抑郁是内部和外部行为功能障碍的显著正向预测因子，这表明抑郁程度较高的女性往往报告更多的内部功能障碍（退缩、焦虑、躯体化）和更多的外部行为（攻击性行为和违规行为）。
