White David J, Camfield David A, Maggini Silvia, Pipingas Andrew, Silberstein Richard, Stough Con, Scholey Andrew
a Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University , Melbourne , Australia.
b School of Psychology & Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia.
Nutr Neurosci. 2017 Jan;20(1):8-22. doi: 10.1179/1476830514Y.0000000157. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Relatively few studies have explored the possibility of acute cognitive effects of multivitamin ingestion. This report explores the acute brain electrophysiological changes associated with multivitamin and mineral supplementation, with and without guaraná, using the steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP).
Based on the known SSVEP correlates of A-X continuous performance task (CPT) performance, and sensitivity to acute psychopharmacological manipulations, the A-X CPT was adopted as a task paradigm to explore treatment-related neurophysiological changes in attentional processing. Twenty healthy non-smoking adults aged 21-39 years (mean age = 28.35 years, SD = 5.52) took part in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, balanced crossover design study.
The study demonstrated both transient and tonic changes in the SSVEP response during completion of the A-X CPT following multivitamin and mineral treatment both with and without guaraná. Transient changes in SSVEP response in prefrontal regions were observed after a single dose of a multivitamin and mineral preparation indicative of enhanced activity within brain regions engaged by the attentional demands of the task. This pattern of change in frontal regions was correlated with improved behavioural performance after treatment with the multivitamin and mineral combination. Where tonic shifts in SSVEP response were investigated, multivitamin and mineral treatment was associated with a pattern of increased inhibition across posterior regions, with enhanced excitatory processing in prefrontal regions. In contrast, multivitamin and mineral treatment with additional guaraná showed a tonic shift towards greater excitatory processes after a single treatment, consistent with the caffeine content of this treatment.
While preliminary in nature, these findings suggest a single multivitamin/mineral dose is sufficient to impact on functional brain activity in task-related brain regions.
相对较少的研究探讨了摄入多种维生素产生急性认知效应的可能性。本报告使用稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP），探讨了补充多种维生素和矿物质（含或不含瓜拉那）相关的急性脑电生理变化。
基于已知的与A-X连续性能任务（CPT）表现相关的SSVEP以及对急性精神药理学操作的敏感性，采用A-X CPT作为任务范式，以探索注意力加工中与治疗相关的神经生理变化。20名年龄在21 - 39岁的健康非吸烟成年人（平均年龄 = 28.35岁，标准差 = 5.52）参与了这项双盲、安慰剂对照、随机、平衡交叉设计研究。
该研究表明，在使用含或不含瓜拉那的多种维生素和矿物质治疗后，完成A-X CPT期间SSVEP反应出现了短暂和持续性变化。在单次服用多种维生素和矿物质制剂后，观察到前额叶区域SSVEP反应的短暂变化，这表明参与任务注意力需求的脑区活动增强。额叶区域的这种变化模式与多种维生素和矿物质组合治疗后的行为表现改善相关。在研究SSVEP反应的持续性变化时，多种维生素和矿物质治疗与后区域抑制增加的模式相关，前额叶区域的兴奋性加工增强。相比之下，添加瓜拉那的多种维生素和矿物质治疗在单次治疗后显示出向更大兴奋性过程的持续性变化，这与该治疗中的咖啡因含量一致。
虽然本质上是初步的，但这些发现表明单次服用多种维生素/矿物质剂量足以影响与任务相关脑区的功能性脑活动。
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