Montag Jessica L, AuBuchon Angela M, Pisoni David B, Kronenberger William G
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2014 Dec;57(6):2332-43. doi: 10.1044/2014_JSLHR-H-14-0190.
This study investigated long-term speech intelligibility outcomes in 63 prelingually deaf children, adolescents, and young adults who received cochlear implants (CIs) before age 7 (M = 2;11 [years;months], range = 0;8-6;3) and used their implants for at least 7 years (M = 12;1, range = 7;0-22;5).
Speech intelligibility was assessed using playback methods with naïve, normal-hearing listeners.
Mean intelligibility scores were lower than scores obtained from an age- and nonverbal IQ-matched, normal-hearing control sample, although the majority of CI users scored within the range of the control sample. Our sample allowed us to investigate the contribution of several demographic and cognitive factors to speech intelligibility. CI users who used their implant for longer periods of time exhibited poorer speech intelligibility scores. Crucially, results from a hierarchical regression model suggested that this difference was due to more conservative candidacy criteria in CI users with more years of use. No other demographic variables accounted for significant variance in speech intelligibility scores beyond age of implantation and amount of spoken language experience (assessed by communication mode and family income measures).
Many factors that have been found to contribute to individual differences in language outcomes in normal-hearing children also contribute to long-term CI users' ability to produce intelligible speech.
本研究调查了63名语前聋儿童、青少年和青年成人的长期言语可懂度结果，这些患者在7岁之前接受了人工耳蜗植入（CI）（平均年龄为2岁11个月，范围为0岁8个月至6岁3个月），且使用人工耳蜗至少7年（平均年龄为12岁1个月，范围为7岁至22岁5个月）。
使用播放法让不知情的正常听力听众评估言语可懂度。
平均可懂度得分低于年龄和非言语智商匹配的正常听力对照样本所得分数，不过大多数人工耳蜗使用者的得分在对照样本范围内。我们的样本使我们能够研究几个人口统计学和认知因素对言语可懂度的影响。使用人工耳蜗时间较长的使用者言语可懂度得分较低。至关重要的是，分层回归模型的结果表明，这种差异是由于使用人工耳蜗年限较多的使用者的入选标准更为保守。除植入年龄和口语语言经验量（通过沟通方式和家庭收入指标评估）外，没有其他人口统计学变量能解释言语可懂度得分的显著差异。
已发现许多导致正常听力儿童语言结果个体差异的因素，也影响人工耳蜗长期使用者产生可懂言语的能力。
