Udroiu I, Sgura A, Vignoli L, Bologna M A, D'Amen M, Salvi D, Ruzza A, Antoccia A, Tanzarella C
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università "Roma Tre,", Rome, Italy.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 2015 May;56(4):412-7. doi: 10.1002/em.21914. Epub 2014 Sep 27.
The amphibian micronucleus test has been widely used during the last 30 years to test the genotoxic properties of several chemicals and as a tool for ecogenotoxic monitoring. The vast majority of these studies were performed on peripheral blood of urodelan larvae and anuran tadpoles and to a lesser extent adults were also used. In this study, we developed protocols for measuring micronuclei in adult shed skin cells and larval gill cells of the Italian crested newt (Triturus carnifex). Amphibians were collected from ponds in two protected areas in Italy that differed in their radon content. Twenty-three adult newts and 31 larvae were captured from the radon-rich pond, while 20 adults and 27 larvae were taken from the radon-free site. The animals were brought to the laboratory and the micronucleus test was performed on peripheral blood and shed skins taken from the adults and on larval gills. Samples from the radon-rich site showed micronucleus frequencies higher than those from the radon-free site and the difference was statistically significant in gill cells (P < 0.00001). Moreover, the larval gills seem to be more sensitive than the adult tissues. This method represents an easy (and noninvasive in the case of the shed skin) application of the micronucleus assay that can be useful for environmental studies in situ.
在过去30年里，两栖动物微核试验被广泛用于检测多种化学物质的遗传毒性，并作为生态遗传毒性监测的一种工具。这些研究绝大多数是在有尾目幼虫和无尾目蝌蚪的外周血上进行的，在较小程度上也使用了成年个体。在本研究中，我们制定了在意大利有冠蝾螈（Triturus carnifex）的成年蜕落皮肤细胞和幼虫鳃细胞中测量微核的方案。两栖动物从意大利两个受保护地区的池塘中采集，这两个地区的氡含量不同。从富含氡的池塘捕获了23只成年蝾螈和31只幼虫，而从无氡地点捕获了20只成年蝾螈和27只幼虫。将动物带回实验室，对成年个体的外周血和蜕落皮肤以及幼虫鳃进行微核试验。来自富含氡地点的样本显示微核频率高于无氡地点的样本，并且在鳃细胞中差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.00001）。此外，幼虫鳃似乎比成年组织更敏感。这种方法是微核试验的一种简便（对于蜕落皮肤而言是非侵入性的）应用，可用于原位环境研究。
