Koziol Leonard F, Barker Lauren A, Joyce Arthur W, Hrin Skip
a Private Practice, Clinical Neuropsychology , Arlington Heights , Illinois.
Appl Neuropsychol Child. 2014;3(4):245-52. doi: 10.1080/21622965.2014.946803.
Brain structure and function is characterized by large-scale brain systems. However, each system has its own "small-world" organization, with sub-regions, or "hubs," that have varying degrees of specialization for certain cognitive and behavioral processes. This article describes this small-world organization, and the concepts of functional specialization and functional integration are defined and explained through practical examples. We also describe the development of large-scale brain systems and this small-world organization as a sensitive, protracted process, vulnerable to a variety of influences that generate neurodevelopmental disorders.
大脑结构和功能以大规模脑系统为特征。然而，每个系统都有其自身的“小世界”组织，具有对某些认知和行为过程具有不同程度专业化的子区域或“枢纽”。本文描述了这种小世界组织，并通过实际例子定义和解释了功能专业化和功能整合的概念。我们还将大规模脑系统和这种小世界组织的发展描述为一个敏感、漫长的过程，容易受到各种产生神经发育障碍的影响。
