Centre for Nutrition and Exercise, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 Jan-Feb;57(4):368-74. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2014.09.010. Epub 2014 Sep 28.
Physical activity (PA) provides numerous physiological and psychosocial benefits. However, lifestyle changes, including reduced PA opportunities in multiple settings, have resulted in an escalation of overweight and obesity and related health problems. Poor physical and mental health, including metabolic and cardiovascular problems is seen in progressively younger ages, and the systematic decline in school PA has contributed to this trend. Of note, the crowded school curriculum with an intense focus on academic achievement, lack of school leadership support, funding and resources, plus poor quality teaching are barriers to PA promotion in schools. The school setting and physical educators in particular, must embrace their role in public health by adopting a comprehensive school PA program. We provide an overview of key issues and challenges in the area plus best bets and recommendations for physical education and PA promotion in the school system moving forward.
身体活动（PA）提供了众多生理和心理益处。然而，生活方式的改变，包括在多个环境中减少身体活动机会，导致超重和肥胖及相关健康问题的加剧。身体和心理健康状况不佳，包括代谢和心血管问题，在年龄越来越小的人群中出现，而学校身体活动的系统性下降也促成了这一趋势。值得注意的是，学校课程拥挤，高度注重学业成绩，缺乏学校领导的支持、资金和资源，加上教学质量差，这些都是阻碍学校开展身体活动的因素。学校环境和体育教育工作者尤其必须通过采用全面的学校身体活动计划，来接受其在公共卫生方面的角色。我们概述了该领域的主要问题和挑战，并为今后学校系统中的体育教育和身体活动推广提供了最佳选择和建议。
