Fisman S N, Wolf L C, Noh S
Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario.
Can J Psychiatry. 1989 Aug;34(6):519-25. doi: 10.1177/070674378903400607.
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of perceived parenting stress and parental depression on marital intimacy between parents of handicapped children versus developmentally normal children, and to investigate discrepancies between husbands' and wives' reports of marital intimacy. The parents of 31 autistic children, 31 Down Syndrome children and 62 developmentally normal children, matched for both mental and chronological age were studied. Results indicated significantly greater stress and depression, as well as lower marital intimacy for mothers of autistic children than mothers of normal children, and significantly greater stress than mothers of Down Syndrome children who fell somewhere between other groups of parents in all three measures. Fathers of autistic children experienced significantly higher parenting stress than the other groups, as well as lower marital intimacy but there were no differences amongst fathers on measures of depression. Low scores on subscales of identity and compatibility for mothers implying low self esteem contributed significantly to the lowered perception of marital intimacy. Implications for intervention, based on these findings, are discussed.
本研究的目的是考察残疾儿童与发育正常儿童的父母所感知到的养育压力和父母抑郁对婚姻亲密度的影响，并调查丈夫和妻子在婚姻亲密度报告上的差异。研究对象为31名自闭症儿童、31名唐氏综合征儿童和62名发育正常儿童的父母，这些父母在心理年龄和实际年龄上均相互匹配。结果表明，自闭症儿童的母亲比正常儿童的母亲感受到的压力和抑郁情绪明显更大，婚姻亲密度也更低；唐氏综合征儿童的母亲在这三项指标上均介于其他两组父母之间，但其感受到的压力明显大于自闭症儿童的母亲。自闭症儿童的父亲所经历的养育压力明显高于其他组，婚姻亲密度也较低，但在抑郁程度指标上，父亲们之间没有差异。母亲在身份认同和相容性子量表上的低分意味着低自尊，这对婚姻亲密度认知的降低有显著影响。基于这些发现，本文讨论了干预措施的意义。
