Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), UPR 1142, CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France.
Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), UPR 1142, CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France.
J Mol Biol. 2015 Feb 13;427(3):608-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2014.09.013. Epub 2014 Oct 2.
Metazoan genomes are highly organized inside the cell nucleus. Topologically associating domains (TADs) represent the building blocks of genome organization, but their linear modularity does not explain alone their spatial organization. Indeed, the chromatin type adorning a TAD can shape its structure and drives its nuclear positioning and its function. Genome-wide association studies revealed mainly four chromatin types: active chromatin, Polycomb-repressed chromatin, null chromatin and constitutive heterochromatin. In this review, we will describe the main three-dimensional features of each chromatin type and finally their relationships with TAD organization and epigenetic memory.
真核生物基因组在细胞核内高度组织化。拓扑关联结构域（TADs）是基因组组织的构建模块，但它们的线性模块化并不能单独解释其空间组织。事实上，装饰 TAD 的染色质类型可以塑造其结构，并驱动其核定位及其功能。全基因组关联研究揭示了主要的四种染色质类型：活性染色质、多梳抑制染色质、无活性染色质和组成型异染色质。在这篇综述中，我们将描述每种染色质类型的主要三维特征，最后讨论它们与 TAD 组织和表观遗传记忆的关系。
