Balachandran Anoop, Krawczyk Steven N, Potiaumpai Melanie, Signorile Joseph F
University of Miami, Laboratory of Neuromuscular Research and Active Aging, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Sciences, Coral Gables, FL, United States.
University of Miami, Laboratory of Neuromuscular Research and Active Aging, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Sciences, Coral Gables, FL, United States; Miller School of Medicine, Center on Aging, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
Exp Gerontol. 2014 Dec;60:64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.09.016. Epub 2014 Oct 1.
Progressive loss of muscle and strength with age is often coincident with increases in adiposity, leading to a condition called sarcopenic obesity. Studies have shown sarcopenic obese adults to be at higher risk for declines in physical function. Despite this rising public health concern, no intervention studies currently exist in this population.
A total of 21 sarcopenic obese adults, 60 years or older, were randomized into two groups, strength/hypertrophy (SH, n=9) and high-speed circuit (HSC, n=8) and were trained for 15 weeks. The primary outcome was the SPPB modified as a measure of physical function, assessed by assessors blinded to randomization. Secondary outcomes were lower body and upper body power and strength, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), body fat % (BF%), skeletal muscle index (SMI), and grip strength (GRP).
For the SPPB results favored HSC over SH (1.1, 95% CI (-.1 to 2.4), p=.08) and showed a moderate effect size (Hedge g=0.6, 95% CI (-0.4, 1.6)). For secondary outcomes, lower body power (mean difference=158 W, 95% CI (2, 315); p=.01) and RPE (mean difference=-1.5, 95% CI (-2.9, -0.12); p=.04) also favored HSC. IADL, SMI, BF%, upper and lower body strength and upper body power, showed no statistically significant differences between groups.
Considering the moderate effect size, the large treatment effect shown by the upper limit of the 95% CI, the low perceived exertion, and no adverse effects, HSC training should be further investigated with a larger sample size in sarcopenic obese adults.
随着年龄增长，肌肉和力量逐渐丧失往往与肥胖增加同时出现，导致一种称为肌肉减少性肥胖的状况。研究表明，肌肉减少性肥胖的成年人身体功能下降的风险更高。尽管这一公共卫生问题日益受到关注，但目前该人群尚无干预性研究。
共有21名60岁及以上的肌肉减少性肥胖成年人被随机分为两组，即力量/肥大组（SH，n = 9）和高速循环组（HSC，n = 8），并进行了15周的训练。主要结局是修改后的简易体能状况量表（SPPB），作为身体功能的一项指标，由对随机分组不知情的评估人员进行评估。次要结局包括下肢和上肢力量与功率、日常生活活动能力（IADL）、自觉用力程度（RPE）、体脂百分比（BF%）、骨骼肌指数（SMI）和握力（GRP）。
就SPPB而言，结果显示HSC组优于SH组（1.1，95%可信区间（-.1至2.4），p = 0.08），并显示出中等效应量（Hedge g = 0.6，95%可信区间（-0.4，1.6））。对于次要结局，下肢功率（平均差值 = 158 W，95%可信区间（2，315）；p = 0.01）和RPE（平均差值 = -1.5，95%可信区间（-2.9，-0.12）；p = 0.04）也有利于HSC组。IADL、SMI、BF%、上下肢力量和上肢功率在两组之间没有显示出统计学上的显著差异。
考虑到中等效应量、95%可信区间上限显示的较大治疗效果、较低的自觉用力程度以及无不良影响，应在更大样本量的肌肉减少性肥胖成年人中进一步研究HSC训练。
