Pantavos Athanasios, Ruiter Rikje, Feskens Edith F, de Keyser Catherine E, Hofman Albert, Stricker Bruno H, Franco Oscar H, Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Cancer. 2015 May 1;136(9):2178-86. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29249. Epub 2014 Oct 18.
Some studies suggest a favorable role of antioxidants on breast cancer risk but this is still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess whether overall dietary antioxidant capacity, as assessed by dietary ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), and individual dietary antioxidant intake were associated with breast cancer risk. Data was used from women participating in the Rotterdam Study, a prospective cohort study among subjects aged 55 years and older (N = 3,209). FRAP scores and antioxidant intake (i.e., vitamin A, C, E, selenium, flavonoids and carotenoids) was assessed at baseline by a food frequency questionnaire. Incident cases of breast cancer were confirmed through medical reports. During a median follow-up of 17 years, 199 cases with breast cancer were identified. High dietary FRAP score was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer [hazard ratio (HR): 0.68; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.49, 0.96]. No overall association between individual antioxidant intake and breast cancer risk was found. However, low intake of alpha carotene and beta carotene was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer among smokers (HR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.21, 5.12 and HR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.12, 4.76 for alpha and beta carotene, respectively) and low intake of flavonoids was associated with breast cancer risk in women over the age of 70 (HR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.99). These results suggest that high overall dietary antioxidant capacity is associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Individual effects of dietary carotenoids and dietary flavonoids may be restricted to subgroups such as smokers and elderly.
一些研究表明抗氧化剂对乳腺癌风险有有利作用，但这仍无定论。本研究的目的是评估通过膳食铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）评估的总体膳食抗氧化能力以及个体膳食抗氧化剂摄入量是否与乳腺癌风险相关。使用了参与鹿特丹研究的女性的数据，这是一项针对55岁及以上受试者的前瞻性队列研究（N = 3209）。通过食物频率问卷在基线时评估FRAP评分和抗氧化剂摄入量（即维生素A、C、E、硒、类黄酮和类胡萝卜素）。通过医学报告确认乳腺癌的发病病例。在中位随访17年期间，确定了199例乳腺癌病例。高膳食FRAP评分与较低的乳腺癌风险相关[风险比（HR）：0.68；95%置信区间（CI）：0.49，0.96]。未发现个体抗氧化剂摄入量与乳腺癌风险之间存在总体关联。然而，吸烟者中α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素摄入量低与较高的乳腺癌风险相关（α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素的HR分别为：2.48；95%CI：1.21，5.12和HR：2.31；95%CI：1.12，4.76），70岁以上女性中类黄酮摄入量低与乳腺癌风险相关（HR：1.80；95%CI：1.09，2.99）。这些结果表明，高总体膳食抗氧化能力与较低的乳腺癌风险相关。膳食类胡萝卜素和膳食类黄酮的个体影响可能仅限于吸烟者和老年人等亚组。
