Carvalho Roberta Rejane Santos de, Viola Poliana Cristina de Almeida Fonseca, Crispim Sandra Patrícia, França Ana Karina Teixeira da Cunha, Navarro Anderson Marliere, Souza Bruno Feres de, Faria Franciane Rocha de, Sperandio Naiara, Pizato Nathalia, Macedo Mariana de Souza, Pereira Renata Junqueira, Franceschini Sylvia do Carmo Castro, Carvalho Carolina Abreu de, Navarro Anderson Marliere, Carvalho Carolina Abreu de, Silva Danielle Góes da, Faria Franciane Rocha de, Sperandio Naiara, Meléndez Jorge Gustavo Velásquez, Barbosa Míriam do Carmo Rodrigues, Pizato Nathalia, Macedo Mariana de Souza, Pereira Renata Junqueira, Crispim Sandra Patrícia, Priore Silvia Eloiza, Franceschini Sylvia do Carmo Castro
Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Graduate Program in Public Health - São Luís (MA), Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Piauí, Department of Nutrition, Ministro Petrônio Portella Campus - Teresina (PI), Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2025 Feb 10;28:e250002. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720250002. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the sociodemographic, maternal, and gestational factors associated with the dietary total antioxidant capacity in pregnant Brazilian women.
A cross-sectional study with 2,232 pregnant women aged 18 years old or older, in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy, from eleven cities in the five Brazilian regions. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to assess socioeconomic, demographic, and health data, and a 24-hour dietary recall (R24h) was used to assess food consumption and analyze the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), estimated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method.
The median of DTAC was 5.32 mmol/day. Aracaju, Sergipe (SE) had the highest median of DTAC (6.44 mmol/day) and Palmas, Tocantins (TO) had the lowest (4.71 mmol/day). Pregnant women aged 20 to 34 years (OR 1.86; 95%CI 1.26-2.76), 35 years old or older (OR 3.68; 95%CI 2.21-6.14) and who were in the second trimester of pregnancy (OR 1.50; 95%CI 1.11-2.01) were more likely to be above the median DTAC. While pregnant women with higher education had a 67% lower chance of being above the median DTAC (OR 0.67; 95%CI 0.48-0.92).
The study demonstrated that there are differences in antioxidant consumption in different cities in Brazil and that associated factors such as age, education, and gestational trimester can impact the intake of foods rich in antioxidants. The profile found draws attention to the importance of an adequate diet rich in antioxidants during prenatal care.
调查与巴西孕妇膳食总抗氧化能力相关的社会人口学、母亲和孕期因素。
对来自巴西五个地区11个城市的2232名年龄在18岁及以上、处于妊娠早、中、晚期的孕妇进行横断面研究。采用半结构化问卷评估社会经济、人口统计学和健康数据，并使用24小时膳食回顾法（R24h）评估食物摄入量，分析膳食总抗氧化能力（DTAC），采用铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）法进行估算。
DTAC的中位数为5.32 mmol/天。塞尔希培州阿拉卡茹（SE）的DTAC中位数最高（6.44 mmol/天），托坎廷斯州帕尔马斯（TO）的DTAC中位数最低（4.71 mmol/天）。年龄在20至34岁（OR 1.86；95%CI 1.26 - 2.76）、35岁及以上（OR 3.68；95%CI 2.21 - 6.14）以及处于妊娠中期（OR 1.50；95%CI 1.11 - 2.01）的孕妇更有可能高于DTAC中位数。而受过高等教育的孕妇高于DTAC中位数的可能性低67%（OR 0.67；95%CI 0.48 - 0.92）。
该研究表明，巴西不同城市的抗氧化剂摄入量存在差异，年龄、教育程度和孕期等相关因素会影响富含抗氧化剂食物的摄入量。所发现的情况凸显了产前护理期间摄入富含抗氧化剂的适当饮食的重要性。
