Valente-Dos-Santos João, Coelho-E-Silva Manuel J, Tavares Óscar M, Brito João, Seabra André, Rebelo António, Sherar Lauren B, Elferink-Gemser Marije T, Malina Robert M
Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal .
Ann Hum Biol. 2015 Mar;42(2):125-33. doi: 10.3109/03014460.2014.932007. Epub 2014 Oct 8.
Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) is routinely scaled as mL O2 per kilogram body mass despite theoretical and statistical limitations of using ratios.
To examine the contribution of maturity status and body size descriptors to age-associated inter-individual variability in VO2peak and to present static allometric models to normalize VO2peak in male youth soccer players.
Total body and estimates of total and regional lean mass were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in a cross-sectional sample of Portuguese male soccer players. The sample was divided into three age groups for analysis: 8-12 years, 13-15 years and 16-18 years. VO2peak was estimated using an incremental maximal exercise test on a motorized treadmill. Static allometric models were used to normalize VO2peak.
The independent variables with the best statistical fit explained 72% in the younger group (lean body mass: k = 1.07), 52% in mid-adolescent players (lean body mass: k = 0.93) and 31% in the older group (body mass: k = 0.51) of variance in VO2peak. The inclusion of the exponential term pubertal status marginally increased the explained variance in VO2peak (adjusted R(2 )= 36-75%) and provided statistical adjustments to the size descriptors coefficients.
The allometric coefficients and exponents evidenced the varying inter-relationship among size descriptors and maturity status with aerobic fitness from early to late-adolescence. Lean body mass, lean lower limbs mass and body mass combined with pubertal status explain most of the inter-individual variability in VO2peak among youth soccer players.
尽管使用比率存在理论和统计上的局限性，但峰值摄氧量（VO2peak）通常按每千克体重的毫升氧气量进行标度。
研究成熟状态和身体大小描述符对VO2peak年龄相关个体间变异性的贡献，并提出静态异速生长模型以对男性青少年足球运动员的VO2peak进行标准化。
在葡萄牙男性足球运动员的横断面样本中，使用双能X线吸收法测量全身以及全身和局部瘦体重估计值。将样本分为三个年龄组进行分析：8 - 12岁、13 - 15岁和16 - 18岁。使用电动跑步机上的递增最大运动试验估计VO2peak。使用静态异速生长模型对VO2peak进行标准化。
具有最佳统计拟合的自变量在较年轻组中解释了VO2peak方差的72%（瘦体重：k = 1.07），在青春期中期运动员中解释了52%（瘦体重：k = 0.93），在较年长组中解释了31%（体重：k = 0.51）。纳入青春期状态的指数项略微增加了VO2peak的解释方差（调整后R² = 36 - 75%），并对大小描述符系数进行了统计调整。
异速生长系数和指数证明了从青春期早期到晚期，大小描述符和成熟状态与有氧适能之间的相互关系不断变化。瘦体重、下肢瘦体重以及体重与青春期状态相结合解释了青少年足球运动员VO2peak个体间的大部分变异性。
