Moreno-Pérez D, Álvarez García F J, Arístegui Fernández J, Cilleruelo Ortega M J, Corretger Rauet J M, García Sánchez N, Hernández Merino A, Hernández-Sampelayo Matos T, Merino Moína M, Ortigosa Del Castillo L, Ruiz-Contreras J
Infectología Pediátrica e Inmunodeficiencias, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga, España; Grupo de Investigación IBIMA, Departamento de Pediatría y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, España.
Centro de Salud de Llanera, Asturias, España; Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2015 Mar;82(3):198.e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2014.09.004. Epub 2014 Oct 7.
Meningococcal invasive disease, including the main clinical presentation forms (sepsis and meningitis), is a severe and potentially lethal infection caused by different serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis. Meningococcal serogroup B is the most prevalent in Europe. Most cases occur in children, with a mortality rate of 10% and a risk of permanent sequelae of 20-30% among survivors. The highest incidence and case fatality rates are observed in healthy children under 2-3 years old, followed by adolescents, although it can occur at any age. With the arrival in Spain of the only available vaccine against meningococcus B, the Advisory Committee on Vaccines of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics has analysed its preventive potential in detail, as well as its peculiar administrative situation in Spain. The purpose of this document is to publish the statement of the Committee as regards this vaccination and the access to it by the Spanish population, taking into account that it has been only authorized for people at risk. The vaccine is available free in the rest of Europe for those who want to acquire it, and in some countries and regions it has been introduced into the systematic immunisation schedules. The Committee considers that Bexsero® has a profile of a vaccine to be included in the official schedules of all the Spanish autonomous communities and insists on the need for it to be available in pharmacies for its administration in all children older than 2 months.
脑膜炎球菌侵袭性疾病,包括主要临床表现形式(败血症和脑膜炎),是由不同血清群的脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的一种严重且可能致命的感染。脑膜炎球菌B血清群在欧洲最为普遍。大多数病例发生在儿童中,死亡率为10%,幸存者中出现永久性后遗症的风险为20%-30%。2-3岁以下健康儿童的发病率和病死率最高,其次是青少年,不过任何年龄都可能发病。随着唯一可用的B群脑膜炎球菌疫苗进入西班牙,西班牙儿科学会疫苗咨询委员会详细分析了其预防潜力以及在西班牙特殊的管理情况。本文件的目的是公布委员会关于这种疫苗接种以及西班牙民众获取该疫苗的声明,鉴于其仅被授权用于有风险人群。在欧洲其他地区,该疫苗对想要接种的人免费提供,并且在一些国家和地区已被纳入常规免疫计划。委员会认为,Bexsero®具有被纳入西班牙所有自治区官方免疫计划的疫苗特性,并坚持认为有必要使其在药店可供使用,以便为所有2个月以上儿童接种。