Murray-Kolb Laura E, Rasmussen Zeba A, Scharf Rebecca J, Rasheed Muneera A, Svensen Erling, Seidman Jessica C, Tofail Fahmida, Koshy Beena, Shrestha Rita, Maphula Angelina, Vasquez Angel Orbe, da Costa Hilda P, Yousafzai Aisha K, Oria Reinaldo B, Roshan Reeba, Bayyo Eliwasa B, Kosek Margaret, Shrestha Sanjaya, Schaefer Barbara A, Bessong Pascal, Ahmed Tahmeed, Lang Dennis
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Nov 1;59 Suppl 4(Suppl 4):S261-72. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu437.
More epidemiological data are needed on risk and protective factors for child development. In The Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) cohort study, we assessed child development in a harmonious manner across 8 sites in Bangladesh, Brazil, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Peru, South Africa, and Tanzania. From birth to 24 months, development and language acquisition were assessed via the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and a modified MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory. Other measures were infant temperament, the child's environment, maternal psychological adjustment, and maternal reasoning abilities. We developed standard operating procedures and used multiple techniques to ensure appropriate adaptation and quality assurance across the sites. Test adaptation required significant time and human resources but is essential for data quality; funders should support this step in future studies. At the end of this study, we will have a portfolio of culturally adapted instruments for child development studies with examination of psychometric properties of each tool used.
需要更多关于儿童发育风险和保护因素的流行病学数据。在《肠道感染与营养不良的病因、风险因素及相互作用以及对儿童健康与发育的影响》（MAL-ED）队列研究中，我们在孟加拉国、巴西、印度、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、秘鲁、南非和坦桑尼亚的8个地点以协调一致的方式评估了儿童发育情况。从出生到24个月，通过贝利婴幼儿发展量表和改良的麦克阿瑟沟通发展量表评估发育和语言习得情况。其他测量指标包括婴儿气质、儿童所处环境、母亲的心理调适以及母亲的推理能力。我们制定了标准操作程序，并使用多种技术来确保各地点进行适当的调整和质量保证。测试调整需要大量时间和人力资源，但对数据质量至关重要；资助者应在未来研究中支持这一步骤。在本研究结束时，我们将拥有一系列经过文化调适的儿童发育研究工具，并对所使用的每种工具的心理测量特性进行检验。
