MacGillivray Duncan M, Kollmann Tobias R
Division of Infectious and Immunological Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada.
Front Immunol. 2014 Sep 12;5:434. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00434. eCollection 2014.
The concept of immunological memory stipulates that past exposures shape present immune function. These exposures include not only specific antigens impacting adaptive immune memory but also conserved pathogen or danger associated molecular patterns that mold innate immune responses for prolonged periods of time. It should thus not come as a surprise that there is a vast range of external or environmental factors that impact immunity. The importance of environmental factors modulating immunity is most readily recognized in early life, a period of rapidly changing environments. We here summarize available data on the role of environment shaping immune development and from it derive an overarching hypothesis relating the underlying molecular mechanisms and evolutionary principles involved.
免疫记忆的概念表明，过去的接触经历会塑造当前的免疫功能。这些接触不仅包括影响适应性免疫记忆的特定抗原，还包括保守的病原体或与危险相关的分子模式，它们会在很长一段时间内塑造先天性免疫反应。因此，有大量影响免疫力的外部或环境因素也就不足为奇了。环境因素调节免疫力的重要性在生命早期这一环境快速变化的时期最为容易被认识到。我们在此总结了关于环境塑造免疫发育作用的现有数据，并从中得出一个关于潜在分子机制和进化原理的总体假设。
