Pandavadra Minal, Chanda Sumitra
Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Microbiological Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University-Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India.
Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Microbiological Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University-Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India.
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2014 Sep;7S1:S244-8. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60240-6.
To evaluate the pharmacognostic characters of Limonia acidissima L. (L. acidissima) leaf and stem, an important traditional medicinal plant.
The present study provides pharmacognostic, physicochemical and phytochemical details of leaf and stem of L. acidissima. Micro and macroscopic characters were analyzed. WHO recommended parameters were followed in the entire study.
The macroscopic study showed that the leaf was alternate, imparipinnately compound leaf with entire margin, long petiole, apex obtuse and base decurrent, with surface appearance and txture glabrous. The inflorescence was lateral and terminal panicles. The microscopic study of leaf revealed the presence of actinocytic stomata, multicellular trichome, prismatic calcium oxalate crystals, vascular bundles, etc. The powder microscopy also revealed prism like calcium oxalate crystals, multicellular trichome and actinocytic stomata. Physiochemical analysis of dried leaf powder showed total ash, water soluble ash and acid insoluble ash as 9.33%, 1.83% and 1.16% w/w respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of maximum amount of flavonoids and tannins. The main microscopic characteristic of stem was 2-3 layers of phellem, phellogen 2-3 layered followed by 7-8 layered phelloderm. Among other microscopic components were presence of xylem parenchyma, xylem vessels, xylem fibres and tracheids. The powder microscopy also revealed presence of annular, spiral vessel, prism crystals and multicellular trichome. Physiochemical analysis of dried stem powder showed total ash, water soluble ash and acid insoluble ash as 3.16%, 0.66% and 0.66% w/w respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of maximum amount of only flavonoids.
Various pharmacognostical characters observed in this study will help in botanical identification and standardization of leaf and stem of L. acidissima and will also help in quality control and formulation development.
评价重要的传统药用植物酸橙叶和茎的生药学特征。
本研究提供了酸橙叶和茎的生药学、理化和植物化学细节。对微观和宏观特征进行了分析。整个研究遵循世界卫生组织推荐的参数。
宏观研究表明，叶互生，奇数羽状复叶，边缘全缘，叶柄长，先端钝，基部下延，表面光滑。花序为侧生和顶生圆锥花序。叶的微观研究显示存在辐射状气孔、多细胞毛、棱柱状草酸钙晶体、维管束等。粉末显微镜检查还显示出棱状草酸钙晶体、多细胞毛和辐射状气孔。干叶粉末的理化分析显示总灰分、水溶性灰分和酸不溶性灰分分别为9.33%、1.83%和1.16%（w/w）。初步植物化学筛选显示黄酮类化合物和单宁含量最高。茎的主要微观特征是2 - 3层木栓层，木栓形成层2 - 3层，随后是7 - 8层栓内层。其他微观成分包括木质部薄壁细胞、木质部导管、木质部纤维和管胞。粉末显微镜检查还显示存在环纹、螺旋状导管、棱晶和多细胞毛。干茎粉末的理化分析显示总灰分、水溶性灰分和酸不溶性灰分分别为3.16%、0.66%和0.66%（w/w）。初步植物化学筛选显示仅黄酮类化合物含量最高。
本研究中观察到的各种生药学特征将有助于酸橙叶和茎的植物鉴定和标准化，也将有助于质量控制和制剂开发。
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