Füessl H S
Offentl Gesundheitswes. 1989 Oct;51(10):621-5.
According to cautious estimations some 60,000-120,000 HIV-infected persons are currently living in the FRG. The presence of HIV in almost every body fluid has lead to a lively discussion about the potential of a nosocomial infection of health care workers caring for HIV-infected and AIDS patients. The results of ongoing studies show the seroconversion rate after exposure being less than 1%. This is considerably lower than the risk of acquiring a hepatitis B infection after exposure to HBs-Ag-positive blood. Until now 15 proven cases of nosocomial HIV infection have been reported in the literature. Ten cases were needle stick injuries. Therefore, particular attention is necessary while handling needles. In the age of the HIV epidemic no previously unknown precautions have to be taken, however, health care personnel should be aware of the importance of the classical rules of hospital hygiene which have been neglected in recent years. If an exposure to HIV with a contaminated needle has happened a short time prophylaxis with zidovudine seems justified.
据保守估计，目前在联邦德国约有6万至12万艾滋病毒感染者。几乎在每种体液中都发现了艾滋病毒，这引发了一场关于医护人员在护理艾滋病毒感染者和艾滋病患者时发生医院感染可能性的热烈讨论。正在进行的研究结果显示，接触后的血清转化率低于1%。这大大低于接触乙肝表面抗原阳性血液后感染乙肝的风险。到目前为止，文献中已报道了15例经证实的医院内艾滋病毒感染病例。其中10例是针刺伤。因此，在处理针头时需要格外小心。在艾滋病毒流行的时代，无需采取前所未有的预防措施，然而，医护人员应该意识到近年来被忽视的医院卫生经典规则的重要性。如果发生了被污染针头接触艾滋病毒的情况，短期内用齐多夫定进行预防似乎是合理的。
