Houszka Marek, Dzimira Stanislaw, Krol Jaroslaw, Kandefer-Gola Malgorzata, Ciaputa Rafal, Sobieraj Leslaw, Podkowik Magdalena
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2014 Sep;45(3):635-7. doi: 10.1638/2012-0213R5.1.
Postmortem examination of a 43-yr-old male southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) revealed gross lesions and histopathologic findings consistent with endocarditis. The animal was born in Umfolozi National Park, South Africa, and then it was moved at 2 yr of age to two successive European zoologic collections. For several weeks prior to death, the animal was increasingly recumbent or assuming a dog-sitting position. Postmortem examination revealed cutaneous pressure sores and multiple rough nodular structures on the mitral valve and left ventricular endocardium. Histopathologic examination revealed vegetative endocarditis, myocardial and hepatocellular degeneration, hepatic fibrosis, and chronic nephritis. Bacterial culture from the oral cavity, trachea, lung, skin, and heart isolated beta hemolytic Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and Streptococcus ovis. The cause of death was acute cardiopulmonary failure due mainly to endocarditis and moderate myocardial degeneration. Streptococcal infections are not uncommon causes of morbidity and mortality in rhinoceros. This is the first detailed report of streptococcal endocarditis in a rhinoceros.
对一头43岁的雄性南方白犀牛（Ceratotherium simum simum）进行的尸检显示，其大体病变和组织病理学检查结果与心内膜炎相符。这头犀牛出生于南非的乌姆弗洛齐国家公园，2岁时被转移至欧洲的两个动物园。在死亡前的几周里，这头犀牛越来越多地躺卧或呈蹲坐姿势。尸检发现皮肤有压疮，二尖瓣和左心室心内膜有多个粗糙的结节状结构。组织病理学检查显示为赘生性心内膜炎、心肌和肝细胞变性、肝纤维化以及慢性肾炎。从口腔、气管、肺、皮肤和心脏进行的细菌培养分离出了β溶血性马链球菌兽疫亚种和绵羊链球菌。死亡原因主要是心内膜炎和中度心肌变性导致的急性心肺衰竭。链球菌感染是犀牛发病和死亡的常见原因。这是关于犀牛链球菌性心内膜炎的首份详细报告。
