Lei Bingli, Zhang Kaiqiong, An Jing, Zhang Xinyu, Yu Yingxin
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Rd 333, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Mar;22(6):4434-46. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3683-0. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
To assess the health risks due to food consumption, the human daily intake and uptake of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and toxic trace elements (mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead, and arsenic) were estimated based on the animal-based foods collected from markets in Shanghai, China. The estimated daily intake and uptake considering the contaminant bioaccessibility via single food consumption were 9.4-399 and 4.2-282 ng/kg body weight/day for adults, and 10.8-458 and 4.8-323 ng/kg body weight/day for children, respectively. These values were 0.2-104 and 0.05-58.1, and 0.2-119 and 0.06-66.6 ng/kg body weight/day via multiple food consumption for adults and children, respectively. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency risk assessment method, the non-cancer and cancer health risks posed by the contaminants were estimated using the hazard quotient and the lifetime cancer risk method, respectively. The results showed that the combined hazard quotient values for multiple contaminants via single or multiple food consumption were below 1, suggesting that the residents in Shanghai would not experience a significant non-cancer health risk. Among the contaminants investigated, the potential non-cancer risk of methylmercury was highest. However, the combined cancer risk posed by multiple contaminants in most foods exceeded the accepted risk level of 10(-6), and inorganic arsenic was the main contributor. The risks caused by polybrominated diphenyl ethers for cancer and non-cancer effects were negligible. The cancer risk of inorganic arsenic is a matter of concern in animal-based foods from Shanghai markets.
为评估因食用食物而产生的健康风险，基于从中国上海市场采集的动物性食品，对有机氯农药、多氯联苯、多溴二苯醚、多环芳烃和有毒微量元素（汞、铬、镉、铅和砷）的人体每日摄入量和吸收量进行了估算。考虑到通过单一食物消费的污染物生物可及性，成年人的每日估计摄入量和吸收量分别为9.4 - 399纳克/千克体重/天和4.2 - 282纳克/千克体重/天，儿童分别为10.8 - 458纳克/千克体重/天和4.8 - 323纳克/千克体重/天。通过多种食物消费，成年人和儿童的这些值分别为0.2 - 104纳克/千克体重/天和0.05 - 58.1纳克/千克体重/天，以及0.2 - 119纳克/千克体重/天和0.06 - 66.6纳克/千克体重/天。根据美国环境保护局的风险评估方法，分别使用危害商数和终生癌症风险方法估算了污染物造成的非癌症和癌症健康风险。结果表明，通过单一或多种食物消费的多种污染物的综合危害商数值均低于1，这表明上海居民不会面临重大的非癌症健康风险。在所调查的污染物中，甲基汞的潜在非癌症风险最高。然而，大多数食物中多种污染物造成的综合癌症风险超过了可接受的10^(-6)风险水平，无机砷是主要贡献者。多溴二苯醚对癌症和非癌症影响造成的风险可忽略不计。上海市场动物性食品中无机砷的癌症风险令人担忧。
