Tanriverdi Ozgur
Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey,
Med Oncol. 2014 Nov;31(11):282. doi: 10.1007/s12032-014-0282-3. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver, and it is particularly prevalent in East and Southeast Asia. With surgical and/or local interventional treatment methods, survival rates for early-stage hepatocellular cancers have increased. However, it is not yet clear which staging systems are more applicable in hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum albumin level is already being used as a criterion in most staging systems. Albumin is an important serum protein in human bodily functions, but only 5 % of the daily amount needed is synthesized by the liver. The serum albumin level is affected by multifactorial situations, including capillary permeability, drugs, liver insufficiency, inflammation and/or infections, dehydration or overhydration, protein loosing disorders, and decreased nutrition intake in anorexia-malnutrition syndrome and cancer cachexia. Because of this complex situation, serum albumin level may affect many staging systems for hepatocellular carcinoma by leading to false-negative results. In this paper, the statuses of current staging systems are reviewed, and possible negative events regarding the serum albumin levels found in these staging systems are discussed.
肝细胞癌是最常见的原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤，在东亚和东南亚地区尤为普遍。随着手术和/或局部介入治疗方法的应用，早期肝细胞癌的生存率有所提高。然而，目前尚不清楚哪种分期系统在肝细胞癌中更适用。血清白蛋白水平已在大多数分期系统中用作一项标准。白蛋白是人体生理功能中一种重要的血清蛋白，但每日所需量中只有5%由肝脏合成。血清白蛋白水平受多种因素影响，包括毛细血管通透性、药物、肝功能不全、炎症和/或感染、脱水或水合过度、蛋白质丢失性疾病，以及厌食-营养不良综合征和癌症恶病质中营养摄入减少。由于这种复杂情况，血清白蛋白水平可能导致假阴性结果，从而影响许多肝细胞癌的分期系统。本文回顾了当前分期系统的状况，并讨论了这些分期系统中发现的与血清白蛋白水平相关的可能负面事件。
