Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Victoria, British Columbia V8V 3R7, Canada.
Annu Rev Public Health. 2013;34:217-33. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114502. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
This article investigates various ways that transportation policy and planning decisions affect public health and better ways to incorporate public health objectives into transport planning. Conventional planning tends to consider some public health impacts, such as crash risk and pollution emissions measured per vehicle-kilometer, but generally ignores health problems resulting from less active transport (reduced walking and cycling activity) and the additional crashes and pollution caused by increased vehicle mileage. As a result, transport agencies tend to undervalue strategies that increase transport system diversity and reduce vehicle travel. This article identifies various win-win strategies that can help improve public health and other planning objectives.
本文探讨了交通政策和规划决策影响公众健康的各种方式，以及将公共卫生目标更好地纳入交通规划的方法。传统规划往往只考虑一些公共卫生方面的影响，例如每辆车每公里的事故风险和污染排放，但通常忽略了由于交通方式不那么活跃（减少步行和骑车活动）以及由于车辆里程增加而导致的额外事故和污染所带来的健康问题。因此，交通机构往往低估了增加交通系统多样性和减少车辆出行的策略。本文确定了各种双赢策略，可以帮助改善公众健康和其他规划目标。
