Cradock Angie L, Buchner David, Zaganjor Hatidza, Thomas John V, Sallis James F, Rose Kenneth, Meehan Leslie, Lawson Megan, Lavinghouze René, Fenton Mark, Devlin Heather M, Carlson Susan A, Bhattacharya Torsha, Fulton Janet E
J Phys Act Health. 2021 Jul 9;18(9):1088-1096. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0191. Print 2021 Sep 1.
Built environment approaches to promoting physical activity can provide economic value to communities. How best to assess this value is uncertain. This study engaged experts to identify a set of key economic indicators useful for evaluation, research, and public health practice.
Using a modified Delphi process, a multidisciplinary group of experts participated in (1) one of 5 discussion groups (n = 21 experts), (2) a 2-day facilitated workshop (n = 19 experts), and/or (3) online surveys (n = 16 experts).
Experts identified 73 economic indicators, then used a 5-point scale to rate them on 3 properties: measurement quality, feasibility of use by a community, and influence on community decision making. Twenty-four indicators were highly rated (≥3.9 on all properties). The 10 highest-rated "key" indicators were walkability score, residential vacancy rate, housing affordability, property tax revenue, retail sales per square foot, number of small businesses, vehicle miles traveled per capita, employment, air quality, and life expectancy.
This study identified key economic indicators that could characterize the economic value of built environment approaches to promoting physical activity. Additional work could demonstrate the validity, feasibility, and usefulness of these key indicators, in particular to inform decisions about community design.
通过建设环境促进身体活动的方法可为社区带来经济价值。如何最好地评估这种价值尚不确定。本研究邀请专家确定一组对评估、研究和公共卫生实践有用的关键经济指标。
采用改良的德尔菲法，一个多学科专家小组参与了以下活动：（1）5个讨论小组之一（21名专家），（2）为期2天的促进研讨会（19名专家），和/或（3）在线调查（16名专家）。
专家们确定了73个经济指标，然后用5分制对它们的三个属性进行评分：测量质量、社区使用的可行性以及对社区决策的影响。24个指标获得了高分（所有属性得分≥3.9）。评分最高的10个“关键”指标是步行适宜性得分、住宅空置率、住房可负担性、财产税收入、每平方英尺零售额、小企业数量、人均车辆行驶里程、就业、空气质量和预期寿命。
本研究确定了关键经济指标，这些指标可以表征通过建设环境促进身体活动的经济价值。进一步的工作可以证明这些关键指标的有效性、可行性和实用性，特别是为社区设计决策提供信息。
