Crossthwaite Andrew J, Rendine Stefano, Stenta Marco, Slater Russell
Biological Sciences, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Crop Protection, Bracknell, RG42 6EY UK.
Insecticide Chemistry, Werk Stein, Syngenta Crop Protection, CH4332 Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein Switzerland.
J Chem Biol. 2014 Jul 17;7(4):125-8. doi: 10.1007/s12154-014-0116-y. eCollection 2014 Oct.
Neonicotinoid insecticides selectively target the invertebrate nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and disrupt excitatory cholinergic neurotransmission. First launched over 20 years ago, their broad pest spectrum, variety of application methods and relatively low risk to nontarget organisms have resulted in this class dominating the insecticide market with global annual sales in excess of $3.5 bn. This remarkable commercial success brings with it conditions in the field that favour selection of resistant phenotypes. A number of important pest species have been identified with mutations at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor associated with insensitivity to neonicotinoids. The detailed characterization of these mutations has facilitated a greater understanding of the invertebrate nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
新烟碱类杀虫剂选择性地作用于无脊椎动物的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体，扰乱兴奋性胆碱能神经传递。这类杀虫剂在20多年前首次推出，因其广泛的害虫谱、多样的施用方法以及对非靶标生物相对较低的风险，在杀虫剂市场占据主导地位，全球年销售额超过35亿美元。这种显著的商业成功也带来了有利于抗性表型选择的田间条件。已鉴定出一些重要害虫物种在烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体上发生了与对新烟碱类不敏感相关的突变。对这些突变的详细表征有助于更深入地了解无脊椎动物的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体。
