Nicholson Jody S, McDermott Michael J, Huang Qinlei, Zhang Hui, Tyc Vida L
Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL;
Department of Psychology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS;
Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 May;17(5):612-6. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu201. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
The current study examined home and full (i.e., home plus car) smoking ban adoption as secondary outcomes to a randomized controlled trial targeting reduced secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) for children under treatment for cancer.
Families with at least 1 adult smoker who reported SHSe for their children (n = 119) were randomized to control or intervention conditions and followed for 1 year with 5 assessments. Both groups were advised of the negative health outcomes associated with SHSe; the intervention group provided more in-depth counseling from baseline to 3 months. Parents reported on household and car smoking behavior, demographic, psychosocial, and medical/treatment-related information.
Regardless of group assignment, there was an increase in home (odds ration [OR] = 1.16, p = .074) and full (OR = 1.37, p = .001) smoking ban adoption across time. Families in the intervention group were more likely to adopt a full ban by 3 months, but this difference was nonsignificant by 12 months. Married parents (OR = 2.33, p = .006) and those with higher self-efficacy for controlling children's SHSe (OR = 1.11, p = .023) were more likely to have a home smoking ban; parents who reported smoking fewer cigarettes were more likely to adopt a home (OR = 1.62, p < .0001) or full (OR = 7.32, p = .038) ban.
Smoking bans are in-line with Healthy People 2020's tobacco objectives and may be more feasible for parents with medically compromised children for immediate SHSe reduction. Furthermore, interventions targeting full smoking bans may be a more effective for comprehensive elimination of SHSe.
本研究将家庭及全面（即家庭加汽车）禁烟措施的采用情况作为一项随机对照试验的次要结果进行了考察，该试验旨在降低正在接受癌症治疗的儿童的二手烟暴露（SHSe）。
招募了至少有一名成年吸烟者且报告其子女存在二手烟暴露的家庭（n = 119），将其随机分为对照组或干预组，并进行为期1年的跟踪，共进行5次评估。两组均被告知与二手烟暴露相关的负面健康后果；干预组从基线期到3个月提供了更深入的咨询。父母报告了家庭和汽车内的吸烟行为、人口统计学、心理社会以及医疗/治疗相关信息。
无论分组情况如何，随着时间推移，家庭（优势比[OR] = 1.16，p = 0.074）及全面（OR = 1.37，p = 0.001）禁烟措施的采用率均有所上升。干预组的家庭在3个月时更有可能实施全面禁烟，但到12个月时这种差异并不显著。已婚父母（OR = 2.33，p = 0.006）以及对控制子女二手烟暴露自我效能感较高的父母（OR = 1.11，p = 0.023）更有可能实施家庭禁烟；报告吸烟较少的父母更有可能实施家庭（OR = 1.62，p < 0.0001）或全面（OR = 7.32，p = 0.038）禁烟。
禁烟措施符合《健康人民2020》的烟草目标，对于子女患有疾病的父母而言，可能更易于立即减少二手烟暴露。此外，针对全面禁烟的干预措施可能对全面消除二手烟暴露更为有效。
