Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2011 Dec;41(6):559-65. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.016.
Public health campaigns have reduced the exposure of U.S. children to secondhand smoke at home; however, these may not have been equally effective across subgroups.
To examine prevalence of home smoking bans among U.S. households with both children and smokers, over time and by demographic subgroups.
The Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) is a nationally representative household survey of tobacco use. The 1992/1993 and 2006/2007 TUS-CPS interviewed 22,746 households from a major racial/ethnic group with both children and adult smokers. Predictors of complete home smoking bans among demographic subgroups were identified using multivariate logistic regression. Analyses were conducted in 2010-2011.
Complete home smoking bans among U.S. households with children and smokers (smoking families) more than tripled, from 14.1% in 1992/1993 to 50.0% in 2006/2007. However, non-Hispanic white and African-American smoking families lagged behind Asian/Pacific Islanders and Hispanics. In 2006/2007, 67.2% of African-American smoking families allowed smoking in the home, as did 59.2% of smoking families with all children aged ≥14 years. Bans were more likely among more-educated households and in states with lower adult smoking prevalence; however, these differences were attenuated in some racial/ethnic groups.
As of 2006/2007, only half of U.S. households with both children and smokers had complete home smoking bans. Home bans were less common among smoking families with older children, in African-American households, and in Hispanic or non-Hispanic white households in states with high smoking prevalence. Interventions are needed to promote smoke-free homes among these groups.
美国的公共卫生运动已经减少了儿童在家中接触二手烟的机会，但这些运动在不同亚组之间的效果可能并不相同。
随着时间的推移，并按人口统计学亚组，研究美国有儿童和吸烟者的家庭中完全禁止在家中吸烟的流行率。
烟草使用补充当前人口调查（TUS-CPS）是一项全国代表性的家庭吸烟使用调查。1992/1993 年和 2006/2007 年的 TUS-CPS 对来自一个主要种族/族裔群体的 22746 个有儿童和成年吸烟者的家庭进行了访谈。使用多变量逻辑回归确定人口统计学亚组中完全禁止在家中吸烟的预测因素。分析于 2010-2011 年进行。
美国有儿童和吸烟者（吸烟家庭）的完全禁止在家中吸烟的比例从 1992/1993 年的 14.1%增加到 2006/2007 年的 50.0%，增加了两倍多。然而，非西班牙裔白人和非裔美国家庭落后于亚裔/太平洋岛民和西班牙裔。在 2006/2007 年，67.2%的非裔美国家庭允许在家中吸烟，所有儿童年龄≥14 岁的吸烟家庭中也有 59.2%允许吸烟。教育程度较高的家庭和成人吸烟率较低的州更有可能实施禁令；然而，在一些种族/族裔群体中，这些差异有所减弱。
截至 2006/2007 年，美国只有一半有儿童和吸烟者的家庭完全禁止在家中吸烟。在有年龄较大儿童的吸烟家庭、非裔美国家庭以及在吸烟率较高的州的西班牙裔或非西班牙裔白人家庭中，家庭禁令更为少见。需要采取干预措施，促进这些群体中的无烟家庭。
