Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Physiol. 2014 Sep 30;5:370. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00370. eCollection 2014.
Caveolae are membrane micro-domains enriched in cholesterol, sphingolipids and caveolins, which are transmembrane proteins with a hairpin-like structure. Caveolae participate in receptor-mediated trafficking of cell surface receptors and receptor-mediated signaling. Furthermore, caveolae participate in clathrin-independent endocytosis of membrane receptors. On the one hand, caveolins are involved in vascular and cardiac dysfunction. Also, neurological abnormalities in caveolin-1 knockout mice and a link between caveolin-1 gene haplotypes and neurodegenerative diseases have been reported. The aim of this article is to present the rationale for considering caveolae as potential targets in cardiovascular and neurological diseases.
小窝是富含胆固醇、鞘脂类和窖蛋白的膜微区，窖蛋白是一种具有发夹样结构的跨膜蛋白。小窝参与细胞表面受体的受体介导运输和受体介导的信号转导。此外，小窝还参与网格蛋白非依赖的膜受体内吞作用。一方面，窖蛋白参与血管和心脏功能障碍。此外，在窖蛋白-1 敲除小鼠中也观察到了神经病变异常，并报道了窖蛋白-1 基因单倍型与神经退行性疾病之间的联系。本文的目的是提出将小窝视为心血管和神经疾病潜在靶点的基本原理。
