Dueva L A, Stepanian S S
Vestn Dermatol Venerol. 1989(10):47-50.
Occupational diseases of the skin have been detected in 19.6% of 352 workers engaged in molybdenum production. These diseases are characterized by a relatively low incidence on the dermatitis transformation into eczema and a considerable length of this process, by weak skin reactions to molybdenum tests (with 20% aqueous solution of ammonium paramolybdate), by the predominance of skin itching in the clinical picture, by a secondary pyococcic infection, and by frequent combination of eczema with allergic involvement of the ENT organs. Experimental and clinical immunologic studies have revealed that mostly humoral immune mechanisms with a relatively weak involvement of the T-lymphocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of the dermatoses due to molybdenum exposure; this fact is responsible for poor clinical manifestation of the delayed type hypersensitivity reactions and at the same time a manifest IgE-dependent pattern of allergic reactions. A clear-cut correlation between the frequency of the dermatoses and molybdenum level in environmental dust was detected, as were a considerable molybdenum contamination of the skin and the fact that hot and humid microclimate are conducive to the development of dermatoses. Basing on the results of these studies, the authors have developed recommendations on the diagnosis and prevention of molybdenum-induced dermatoses.
在352名从事钼生产的工人中，有19.6%被检测出患有职业性皮肤病。这些疾病的特点是：皮炎转变为湿疹的发病率相对较低，且这一过程持续时间较长；皮肤对钼试验（用20%的仲钼酸铵水溶液）反应较弱；临床症状以皮肤瘙痒为主；继发脓性球菌感染；湿疹常与耳鼻喉器官的过敏反应同时出现。实验和临床免疫学研究表明，由于接触钼导致的皮肤病发病机制主要是体液免疫机制，T淋巴细胞参与程度相对较弱；这一事实导致迟发型超敏反应的临床表现不明显，同时过敏反应呈现明显的IgE依赖模式。已检测到皮肤病发病率与环境粉尘中钼含量之间存在明显相关性，同时皮肤存在大量钼污染，且炎热潮湿的微气候有利于皮肤病的发展。基于这些研究结果，作者制定了关于钼诱导性皮肤病诊断和预防的建议。
