Zhang Ziyan, Yan Jingqi, Shi Honglian
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
J Drug Metab Toxicol. 2013 Jun 29;4(4). doi: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000153.
Diabetes is considered a major risk factor for stroke and is associated with worsened stroke outcomes. Here, we discuss and summarize the mechanisms that have been associated with the increased risk of stroke due to the hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. In diabetic stroke models, hyperglycemia exaggerates the following damaging processes: acidosis, accumulation of reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Understanding the mechanism of diabetes acting as a stroke risk factor will definitely assist to reveal issues related to drug metabolism and toxicity in diabetic stroke. In addition, it is suggested that future studies may focus on the mechanisms mediating blood-brain barrier and astrocytes dysfunction under hyperglycemic stroke.
糖尿病被认为是中风的主要危险因素，且与中风预后恶化相关。在此，我们讨论并总结与糖尿病高血糖导致中风风险增加相关的机制。在糖尿病中风模型中，高血糖会加剧以下损伤过程：酸中毒、活性氧/活性氮的积累、炎症和线粒体功能障碍。了解糖尿病作为中风危险因素的机制肯定有助于揭示糖尿病中风中与药物代谢和毒性相关的问题。此外，建议未来的研究可聚焦于高血糖中风中介导血脑屏障和星形胶质细胞功能障碍的机制。
