Myers Betsy A, Jenkins Walter L, Killian Clyde, Rundquist Peter
St. Francis Health System, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Eastern Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2014 Oct;9(5):596-603.
PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: Objective, reliable, and valid functional tests may assist with the decision-making process for rehabilitation as well as assist in pre-participation screening for targeted interventions to prevent noncontact lower extremity injuries. The purpose of this study was to determine normative values in high school and college basketball and soccer players for four hop tests: the single hop for distance, the triple hop for distance, the crossover hop for distance, and the 6-m timed hop.
A sample of convenience of 372 (185 females, 187 males) healthy high school and collegiate student-athletes were included in the study (mean age 17.37 years, range 14-24): 200 were soccer players and 172 were basketball players. Limb dominance was determined based on which extremity participants would choose to kick a ball for distance. A coin flip was used to determine which limb was tested first. Hop test order was randomized using a Latin square design. Participants performed one practice hop and three measured hops for each hop test on each limb. The average hop score for each limb was used for calculations.
Significant differences in test performance were found between sexes and levels of competition, p < 0.0005, with males performing better than females and collegiate athletes performing better than high school athletes for all hop tests. There were no clinically relevant differences between dominant sports. There were also no clinically relevant differences between dominant and non-dominant limbs. Normative values for each hop test were proposed, based on sex and level of competition.
These findings indicate that separate hop test standards should be used based on participant sex and level of competition. While some statistically significant differences were found between limbs, these differences did not appear to be functionally relevant. Further studies are needed to determine if sport-specific normative hop test values should be utilized and to examine normal limb symmetry indices in specific populations.
2A.
目的/背景：客观、可靠且有效的功能测试有助于康复决策过程，还能辅助参与前筛查，以进行有针对性的干预措施来预防非接触性下肢损伤。本研究的目的是确定高中和大学篮球与足球运动员四项单脚跳测试的常模值：立定跳远、三级跳远、交叉步跳远和6米定时单脚跳。
本研究纳入了372名（185名女性，187名男性）健康的高中和大学学生运动员作为便利样本（平均年龄17.37岁，范围14 - 24岁）：200名是足球运动员，172名是篮球运动员。根据参与者选择用来远距离踢球的肢体来确定肢体优势。通过抛硬币决定先测试哪条肢体。单脚跳测试顺序采用拉丁方设计随机安排。参与者在每条肢体上针对每项单脚跳测试进行一次练习跳和三次测量跳。每条肢体的平均单脚跳成绩用于计算。
在性别和竞赛水平之间发现了测试表现的显著差异，p < 0.0005，在所有单脚跳测试中男性表现优于女性，大学运动员表现优于高中运动员。优势运动项目之间没有临床相关差异。优势肢体和非优势肢体之间也没有临床相关差异。基于性别和竞赛水平提出了每项单脚跳测试的常模值。
这些发现表明，应根据参与者的性别和竞赛水平使用不同的单脚跳测试标准。虽然在肢体之间发现了一些统计学上的显著差异，但这些差异在功能上似乎并不相关。需要进一步研究以确定是否应采用特定运动的单脚跳测试常模值，并检查特定人群中的正常肢体对称指数。
2A。
