Sun Baoru, Peng Yi, Yang Hongyu, Li Zhijian, Gao Yingzhi, Wang Chao, Yan Yuli, Liu Yanmei
Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 16;9(10):e110556. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110556. eCollection 2014.
Given the growing challenges to food and eco-environmental security as well as sustainable development of animal husbandry in the farming and pastoral areas of northeast China, it is crucial to identify advantageous intercropping modes and some constraints limiting its popularization. In order to assess the performance of various intercropping modes of maize and alfalfa, a field experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with five treatments: maize monoculture in even rows, maize monoculture in alternating wide and narrow rows, alfalfa monoculture, maize intercropped with one row of alfalfa in wide rows and maize intercropped with two rows of alfalfa in wide rows. Results demonstrate that maize monoculture in alternating wide and narrow rows performed best for light transmission, grain yield and output value, compared to in even rows. When intercropped, maize intercropped with one row of alfalfa in wide rows was identified as the optimal strategy and the largely complementary ecological niches of alfalfa and maize were shown to account for the intercropping advantages, optimizing resource utilization and improving yield and economic incomes. These findings suggest that alfalfa/maize intercropping has obvious advantages over monoculture and is applicable to the farming and pastoral areas of northeast China.
鉴于中国东北地区农牧交错区粮食安全、生态环境安全及畜牧业可持续发展面临的挑战日益严峻，确定优势间作模式以及限制其推广的一些制约因素至关重要。为了评估玉米与苜蓿不同间作模式的表现，采用完全随机区组设计进行了田间试验，设置了五个处理：均匀行玉米单作、宽窄行交替玉米单作、苜蓿单作、宽行中玉米与一行苜蓿间作以及宽行中玉米与两行苜蓿间作。结果表明，与均匀行相比，宽窄行交替玉米单作在透光率、籽粒产量和产值方面表现最佳。间作时，宽行中玉米与一行苜蓿间作被确定为最优策略，苜蓿和玉米在很大程度上互补的生态位被证明是间作优势的原因，优化了资源利用，提高了产量和经济收入。这些研究结果表明，苜蓿/玉米间作相对于单作具有明显优势，适用于中国东北地区的农牧交错区。
