Chen Jie, Li Youjin, Jiang Fan
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2014 Jul;28(14):1015-9.
To investigate the possible effects of meteorological and environmental factors on allergic rhinitis of children.
Daily numbers of outpatients consulting general practitioners for AR between Jan 1 2007 and Dec 31 2011 were obtained from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children Medical Center. Daily maximum, average and minimum temperatures and humidity and wind power for Shanghai of the same 5 years were obtained from the Shanghai Meteorological Office. Air Quality data was provided by the Shanghai Municipal Environmental Protection Monitoring Center on daily SO2, NO2 and PM10, the average of O3 per 8 hours. The data was available as average values derived from the data of 6 state comtrolled monitoring stations distributed across Shanghai. Non-parametric generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the highly non-linear or non-monotonic exposure-response relationship between meteorological and environmental factors and daily outpatient visiting for AR of children.
The daily numbers of AR children in outpatients department in this study were highest in the average daily temperature 11°C and 21°C. It showed two peak. But as the humidity increased, daily numbers of outpatients of AR children went down, indicating that the higy humidity has protective effect. Every 10 microg/m3 increase of environmental pollutants O3, SO2 and PM10 was linked to 1.95%, 1.19% and 0.33% increase in the number of visitors, respectively, suggesting the air pollution may increase the risk of onset of AR in children.
Meteorological and environmental factors have important effects on AR in children.
探讨气象和环境因素对儿童过敏性鼻炎的可能影响。
获取2007年1月1日至2011年12月31日期间上海儿童医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科因过敏性鼻炎咨询全科医生的门诊患者每日数量。同时获取上海气象部门提供的同一5年期间上海的每日最高、平均和最低气温、湿度及风力数据。空气质量数据由上海市环境保护监测中心提供，包括每日二氧化硫、二氧化氮和可吸入颗粒物（PM10）以及每8小时臭氧的平均值。这些数据是来自上海分布的6个国家控制监测站数据的平均值。采用非参数广义相加模型（GAM）分析气象和环境因素与儿童过敏性鼻炎每日门诊就诊之间高度非线性或非单调的暴露-反应关系。
本研究中门诊过敏性鼻炎患儿的每日数量在平均气温11℃和21℃时最高，呈现两个峰值。但随着湿度增加，过敏性鼻炎患儿的门诊每日数量下降，表明高湿度具有保护作用。环境污染物臭氧（O3）、二氧化硫（SO2）和可吸入颗粒物（PM10）每增加10微克/立方米，就诊人数分别增加1.95%、1.19%和0.33%，提示空气污染可能增加儿童过敏性鼻炎发病风险。
气象和环境因素对儿童过敏性鼻炎有重要影响。
