Wang Yunmeng, Fang Hongyan, Liu Xiao, Wang Jing, Wang Zonggui, Yang Jingpu
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，Second Hospital of Jilin University，Changchun，130041，China.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Dec;35(12):1124-1129. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2021.12.014.
To investigate the allergen characteristics, allergen distribution and clinical symptoms of autumn allergic rhinitis in Changchun and surrounding areas. The allergen test results of 1080 allergic rhinitis（AR） suspected patients from Changchun and surrounding areas were collected, from August to October 2019 and August to October 2020 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University. The positive rates of major allergens and their differences in gender, age, different years and clinical symptom were compared and analyzed. ①Among the 1080 suspected AR patients, 804 patients（74.44%） had positive allergens. ②The top 3 allergens of autumn AR in Changchun and surrounding areas were Artemisia（36.20%）, Dwarf ragweed（33.24%） and Candida/Penicillium notarum/Cladosporium/Alternaria/Aspergillus niger（19.81%）. The positive rates of Artemisia and Dwarf ragweed were higher in men than in women（<0.05）. ③Artemisia was the major allergen of autumn AR in juvenile group, youth group and middle-aged group. ④The positive rate of two or more allergens was 2.39 times that of single allergen. ⑤Patients with positive autumn pollen allergens had more severe symptoms of nasal congestion, red eye/eye itching and epiphora than those in other groups. Seasonal AR had typical clinical symptom characteristics. Major allergens in autumn AR in Changchun and surrounding areas are autumn pollen allergens（Artemisia, Dwarf ragweed, Humulus）. The distribution of those allergens was different in gender, age, and different years.
为调查长春及周边地区秋季变应性鼻炎的变应原特征、变应原分布及临床症状。收集了吉林大学第二医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2019年8月至10月以及2020年8月至10月期间1080例来自长春及周边地区的疑似变应性鼻炎（AR）患者的变应原检测结果。比较并分析了主要变应原的阳性率及其在性别、年龄、不同年份和临床症状方面的差异。①在1080例疑似AR患者中，804例患者（74.44%）变应原呈阳性。②长春及周边地区秋季AR的前3位变应原是蒿属（36.20%）、豚草（33.24%）和念珠菌/诺氏青霉/枝孢菌/链格孢菌/黑曲霉（19.81%）。蒿属和豚草的阳性率男性高于女性（P<0.05）。③蒿属是青少年组、青年组和中年组秋季AR的主要变应原。④两种或更多种变应原阳性的发生率是单一变应原阳性发生率的2.39倍。⑤秋季花粉变应原阳性的患者鼻塞、眼红/眼痒和流泪症状比其他组更严重。季节性AR具有典型的临床症状特征。长春及周边地区秋季AR的主要变应原是秋季花粉变应原（蒿属、豚草、葎草）。这些变应原在性别、年龄和不同年份的分布存在差异。
