Gräff I, Lenkeit S
Interdisziplinäres Notfallzentrum , Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105, Bonn, Deutschland,
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2014 Oct;109(7):479-84. doi: 10.1007/s00063-013-0344-x. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
The care of emergency patients with life-threatening injuries or diseases presents a special challenge to the treatment team. Good interdisciplinary cooperation is essential for fast, priority-oriented, and efficient emergency room management. Particularly in complex situations, such as trauma room care, so-called human factors largely determine the safety and performance of the individual as well as the team. Approximately 70 % of all adverse events stem from human factors rather than from a lack of medical expertise. It has been shown that 70-80 % of such incidents are preventable through special training.
Established course concepts based on so-called ABCDE schemes are a good basis for creating algorithms for targeted therapy, yet they are not sufficient for the training of team-specific issues. For this, special course concepts are required, such as crew resource management, which is provided through simulator-based training scenarios. This includes task management, teamwork, decision-making, and communication. The knowledge of what needs to be done in a team under the adverse and complex conditions of a medical emergency must be gained by training based on realistic and effective measures.
Course concepts that are geared toward interdisciplinary and interprofessional team training optimize patient safety and care by supporting the nontechnical abilities of team members.
对患有危及生命的损伤或疾病的急诊患者进行护理，给治疗团队带来了特殊挑战。良好的跨学科合作对于快速、以优先事项为导向且高效的急诊室管理至关重要。特别是在复杂情况下，如创伤室护理，所谓的人为因素在很大程度上决定了个人以及团队的安全性和表现。大约70%的不良事件源于人为因素，而非缺乏医学专业知识。研究表明，70 - 80%的此类事件可通过特殊培训预防。
基于所谓的ABCDE方案建立的课程概念是创建针对性治疗算法的良好基础，但对于团队特定问题的培训而言并不足够。为此，需要特殊的课程概念，如通过基于模拟器的培训场景提供的机组资源管理。这包括任务管理、团队合作、决策制定和沟通。必须通过基于现实且有效的措施进行培训，来获取在医疗紧急情况的不利和复杂条件下团队中需要做什么的知识。
针对跨学科和跨专业团队培训的课程概念，通过支持团队成员的非技术能力，优化了患者安全和护理。
