Lichten E M
Prim Care. 1978 Dec;5(4):607-14.
Estrogen therapy is indicated for the vasomotor, genitourinary, and menstrual changes of the climacteric woman. Estrogens should be prescribed to relieve these symptoms specifically, and in the lowest dosage for the shortest time. Vaginal estrogens are appropriate in the treatment of genitourinary symptoms and may be given until sexual activity ceases. Vaginal ointments may be given even to patients in whom oral therapy may be contraindicated. Alternative therapy is helpful in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms, vulvitis, and breast tenderness. Appropriate therapy for all women includes a complete history and physical examination, and a thorough discussion of the physiologic and psychological changes of menopause. Appropriate studies include tests for estrogen effect to monitor therapy. They assist in treatment of the complexity of the menopause.
雌激素疗法适用于更年期女性的血管舒缩症状、泌尿生殖系统症状和月经变化。应开具雌激素以特异性缓解这些症状，并在最短时间内使用最低剂量。阴道用雌激素适用于治疗泌尿生殖系统症状，可一直使用至性活动停止。即使对于口服治疗可能禁忌的患者也可给予阴道软膏。替代疗法有助于治疗血管舒缩症状、外阴炎和乳房压痛。对所有女性的适当治疗包括完整的病史和体格检查，以及对更年期生理和心理变化的深入讨论。适当的检查包括检测雌激素效应以监测治疗。这些检查有助于处理更年期的复杂性。
