[Association between bacterial resistance and antimicrobial consumption].

UNLABELLED

The evolution of multidrug resistance remains an alarming topic due to selection pressure related to the inappropriate use of antibiotics.

OBJECTIVES

Our work is in this perspective and focuses on the evolution of the consumption of antibiotics active on gram-negative bacilli, and the evolution of bacterial resistance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

International indicator of antibiotic consumption was based on the method of Defined Daily Dose reported to the number of days of hospitalization. The search for a correlation between bacterial resistance and antibiotic consumption was conducted by the Spearman test.

RESULTS

A statistically significant correlation was identified between the rates of enterobacteriaceae resistant to 3(rd) generation cephalosporin, particularly those secreting beta-lactamases with extended spectrum, and consumption of 3(rd) generation cephalosporin (p= 0.002) and imipenem (p= 0.04). Also, a statistically significant relationship between the multi-resistant bacteria and the rate of consumption of colistin (p= 0.041) and fluoroquinolones (p= 0.002) was also reported in this study.

CONCLUSION

Monitoring of both evolution of multidrug resistance and the use of antibiotics helps us to better understand the situation and establish more efficient antibiotic protocols.