Lim Whasun, Song Gwonhwa
Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
J Cancer Prev. 2013 Sep;18(3):209-20. doi: 10.15430/jcp.2013.18.3.209.
Ovarian cancer is a lethal gynecological cancer causing cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. It is difficult to diagnosis at an early stage when more than 90% patients can be cured because of lack of specific symptoms and early detection markers. Most of malignant ovarian tumors are originated from the germinal epithelium of the ovary. For investigation with animal models of epithelial-derived ovarian cancer (EOC), laying hens are the most relevant animal models because they spontaneously develop EOC as occurs in women through ovulating almost every day. As in women, EOC in the hen is age-related and grossly and histologically similar to that in women. However, domesticated animals are inappropriate for research human EOC due to multiple pregnancies and lactating or seasonally anestrous. In addition, the non-spontaneous nature of rodents EOC limits clinical relevance with human EOC. Recent studies have shown that ovarian cancer could arise from epithelium from the oviduct as oviduct-related genes are up-regulated in EOC of hens. Therefore, we showed in the review: 1) characterization and classification of EOC; 2) chicken models for EOC; 3) relationship estrogen with EOC; 4) candidate prognostic factors for EOC including serpin peptidase inhibior, clade B (ovalbumin), member 3 (SERPINB3), SERPINB11, gallicin 11 (GAL11), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) and alpha 2 macroglobulin (A2M) in normal and cancerous ovaries of laying hens; 5) biological roles of microRNAs in development of EOC. Collectively, the present reviews indicate that expression of SERPINB3, SERPINB11, GAL11, SPP1 and A2M is clearly associated with the development of ovarian carcinogenesis. These results provide new insights into the prognostic biomarkers for EOC to diagnose and to evaluate responses to therapies for treating EOC of humans.
卵巢癌是一种致命的妇科癌症，在全球范围内导致女性因癌症死亡。由于缺乏特异性症状和早期检测标志物，在超过90%的患者可被治愈的早期阶段很难诊断。大多数恶性卵巢肿瘤起源于卵巢生发上皮。对于上皮源性卵巢癌（EOC）动物模型的研究，蛋鸡是最相关的动物模型，因为它们像女性一样几乎每天排卵，会自发发生EOC。与女性一样，母鸡的EOC与年龄相关，大体和组织学上与女性的相似。然而，由于多次妊娠、哺乳或季节性发情，家养动物不适合用于人类EOC的研究。此外，啮齿动物EOC的非自发性限制了其与人类EOC的临床相关性。最近的研究表明，由于输卵管相关基因在母鸡的EOC中上调，卵巢癌可能起源于输卵管上皮。因此，我们在综述中表明：1）EOC的特征和分类；2）EOC的鸡模型；3）雌激素与EOC的关系；4）EOC的候选预后因素，包括正常和癌性蛋鸡卵巢中的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B族（卵清蛋白）成员3（SERPINB3）、SERPINB11、鸡毒素11（GAL11）、分泌磷蛋白1（SPP1）和α2巨球蛋白（A2M）；5）微小RNA在EOC发生发展中的生物学作用。总的来说，本综述表明SERPINB3、SERPINB11、GAL11、SPP1和A2M的表达与卵巢癌发生发展明显相关。这些结果为EOC的预后生物标志物提供了新的见解，以用于诊断和评估人类EOC治疗的疗效。
