dos Santos Fernanda Karina, Maia José A R, Gomes Thayse Natacha Q F, Daca Timóteo, Madeira Aspacia, Damasceno Albertino, Katzmarzyk Peter T, Prista António
CIFI\(^{2}\)D, Kinanthropometry Lab, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, Porto 4200-450, Portugal.
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Pedagogical University of Maputo, Avenida Eduardo Mondlane 955, C.P. 2017, Maputo, Mozambique.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Oct 21;11(10):10940-50. doi: 10.3390/ijerph111010940.
Social and economic changes occurring in the last two decades in Mozambique may have induced lifestyle changes among youth. This study aimed to document secular changes in habitual physical activities of Mozambican youth between 1992, 1999 and 2012. A total of 3393 youth (eight-15 years), were measured in three different time periods (1992, 1999, 2012). Habitual physical activity (PA) was estimated with a questionnaire, including items related to household chores, sport participation, traditional games and walking activities. Biological maturation was assessed. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare mean differences in PA across the years. Significant decreases between 1992-1999 and 1992-2012 were observed for boys in household chores, games and walking, and a significant decline between 1999 and 2012 was found in sport participation. Among girls, a significant and consistent decline (1992 > 1999 > 2012) was observed for household chores, a decline between 1992-1999 and 1992-2012 for games and walking, and a significant increase between 1992 and 1999 in sport participation. In general, a negative secular trend was found in habitual PA among Mozambican youth. Interventions aimed at increasing PA represent important educational and public health opportunities.
莫桑比克过去二十年发生的社会和经济变化可能导致了年轻人生活方式的改变。本研究旨在记录1992年、1999年和2012年莫桑比克年轻人习惯性身体活动的长期变化。在三个不同时间段（1992年、1999年、2012年）对总共3393名青少年（8至15岁）进行了测量。通过问卷调查估计习惯性身体活动（PA），问卷包括与家务、体育参与、传统游戏和步行活动相关的项目。评估了生物成熟度。使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）比较各年份PA的平均差异。观察到1992年至1999年以及1992年至2012年期间，男孩在家务、游戏和步行方面显著减少，1999年至2012年期间体育参与显著下降。在女孩中，家务方面观察到显著且持续的下降（1992年>1999年>2012年），游戏和步行方面在1992年至1999年以及1992年至2012年期间下降，体育参与在1992年至1999年期间显著增加。总体而言，莫桑比克年轻人的习惯性PA呈现出负面的长期趋势。旨在增加PA的干预措施是重要的教育和公共卫生机会。
