EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-60 Porto, Portugal.
Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Public Health Nutr. 2019 Dec;22(17):3118-3126. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019002325. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
The ongoing demographic, nutritional and epidemiological transitions in sub-Saharan Africa highlight the importance of monitoring overweight and obesity. We aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mozambique in 2014/2015 and compare the estimates with those obtained in 2005.
Cross-sectional study conducted in 2014/2015, following the WHO Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS). Prevalence estimates with 95 % CI were computed for different categories of BMI and abdominal obesity, along with age-, education- and income-adjusted OR. The age-standardized prevalence in the age group 25-64 years was compared with results from a STEPS survey conducted in 2005.
Mozambique.
Representative sample of the population aged 18-64 years (n 2595).
Between 2005 and 2014/2015, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 18·3 to 30·5 % (P < 0·001) in women and from 11·7 to 18·2 % (P < 0·001) in men. Abdominal obesity increased among women (from 9·4 to 20·4 %, P < 0·001), but there was no significant difference among men (1·5 v. 2·1 %, P = 0·395). In 2014/2015, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was more than twofold higher in urban areas and in women; in the age group 18-24 years, it was highest in urban women and lowest in rural men.
In Mozambique, there was a steep increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults between 2005 and 2014/2015. Overweight and obesity are more prevalent in urban areas and among women, already affecting one in five urban women aged 18-24 years.
撒哈拉以南非洲正在经历人口、营养和流行病学转变，这凸显了监测超重和肥胖的重要性。我们旨在评估 2014/2015 年莫桑比克超重和肥胖的流行情况，并将这些估计值与 2005 年的结果进行比较。
2014/2015 年进行的横断面研究，遵循世卫组织慢性病风险因素监测逐步方法（STEPS）。针对不同 BMI 和腹型肥胖类别计算了患病率估计值，并计算了年龄、教育和收入调整后的比值比（OR）。比较了 25-64 岁年龄组的年龄标准化患病率与 2005 年进行的 STEPS 调查的结果。
莫桑比克。
年龄在 18-64 岁之间的代表性人群样本（n 2595）。
2005 年至 2014/2015 年间，女性超重和肥胖的患病率从 18.3%上升至 30.5%（P<0.001），男性从 11.7%上升至 18.2%（P<0.001）。女性腹型肥胖的患病率增加（从 9.4%升至 20.4%，P<0.001），但男性无显著差异（1.5%对 2.1%，P=0.395）。2014/2015 年，城市地区和女性的超重和肥胖患病率是农村地区和男性的两倍多；18-24 岁年龄组中，城市女性的患病率最高，农村男性的患病率最低。
2005 年至 2014/2015 年间，莫桑比克成年人的超重和肥胖患病率急剧上升。超重和肥胖在城市地区和女性中更为普遍，已经影响到 18-24 岁城市女性的五分之一。
