Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria.
Front Plant Sci. 2014 Oct 8;5:523. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00523. eCollection 2014.
Plants are increasingly being used for the production of recombinant proteins. One reason is that plants are highly amenable to glycan engineering processes and allow the production of therapeutic proteins with increased efficacies due to optimized glycosylation profiles. Removal and insertion of glycosylation reactions by knock-out/knock-down approaches and introduction of glycosylation enzymes have paved the way for the humanization of the plant glycosylation pathway. The insertion of heterologous enzymes at exactly the right stage of the existing glycosylation pathway has turned out to be of utmost importance. To enable such precise targeting chimeric enzymes have been constructed. In this short review we will exemplify the importance of correct targeting of glycosyltransferases, we will give an overview of the targeting mechanism of glycosyltransferases, describe chimeric enzymes used in plant N-glycosylation engineering and illustrate how plant glycoengineering builds on the tools offered by synthetic biology to construct such chimeric enzymes.
植物越来越多地被用于生产重组蛋白。原因之一是植物非常适合糖基工程过程，并且由于优化的糖基化谱，可以生产出疗效更高的治疗性蛋白。通过敲除/敲低方法去除和插入糖基化反应，并引入糖基化酶，为植物糖基化途径的人源化铺平了道路。在现有糖基化途径的精确阶段插入异源酶已被证明是至关重要的。为了实现这种精确的靶向，已经构建了嵌合酶。在这篇简短的综述中，我们将举例说明正确靶向糖基转移酶的重要性，概述糖基转移酶的靶向机制，描述用于植物 N-糖基化工程的嵌合酶，并说明植物糖基工程如何利用合成生物学提供的工具来构建这种嵌合酶。
