Miranda Ana, Berenguer Carmen, Colomer Carla, Roselló Rocío
Universidad de Valencia.
Psicothema. 2014;26(4):471-6. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2014.121.
ADHD is a chronic disorder that generally has a negative effect on socio-personal adaptation. The objectives of the current study were to examine the adaptive functioning in the daily lives of adults with ADHD compared to adults without the disorder and to test the influence of ADHD symptoms and comorbid problems on different areas of adaptive functioning.
Seventy-seven adults between 17 and 24 years old, 40 with a clinical diagnosis of combined-subtype ADHD in childhood and 37 controls, filled out the Weiss Functional Impairment Scale, the Weiss Symptom Record and Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale.
Significant differences were found between adults with and without ADHD in family and academic functioning. Moreover, the ADHD symptomatology as a whole predicted significant deficiencies in the family environment and self-concept, whereas inattention specifically predicted worse academic performance and life skills. The comorbidities mainly affected the family and risky activity domains (dangerous driving, illegal behaviors, substance misuse and sexually inappropriate behaviors).
The results illustrate the importance of developing a multimodal approach to helping ADHD adults cope with associated comorbid disorders, offering them supportive coaching in organizing daily activities, and incorporating the family and/or partner in the treatment plan.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种慢性疾病，通常对社会人际关系适应有负面影响。本研究的目的是比较患有ADHD的成年人与未患该疾病的成年人在日常生活中的适应功能，并测试ADHD症状和共病问题对不同适应功能领域的影响。
77名年龄在17至24岁之间的成年人，其中40名童年期临床诊断为混合型ADHD，37名作为对照，填写了韦斯功能损害量表、韦斯症状记录和康纳斯成人ADHD评定量表。
患有和未患有ADHD的成年人在家庭和学业功能方面存在显著差异。此外，ADHD症状总体上预示着家庭环境和自我概念存在显著缺陷，而注意力不集中则具体预示着学业成绩和生活技能较差。共病主要影响家庭和危险活动领域（危险驾驶、违法行为、药物滥用和不当性行为）。
研究结果表明，制定多模式方法帮助患有ADHD的成年人应对相关共病、在组织日常活动方面为他们提供支持性指导以及将家庭和/或伴侣纳入治疗计划非常重要。
