Xie Lei, Wang Ying Wei, Guan Shan Yue, Xie Li Jing, Long Xin, Sun Cheng Ye
College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 2014 Oct;27(10):794-806. doi: 10.3967/bes2014.115.
Poisonous plants are a deadly threat to public health in China. The traditional clinical diagnosis of the toxic plants is inefficient, fallible, and dependent upon experts. In this study, we tested the performance of DNA barcodes for identification of the most threatening poisonous plants in China.
Seventy-four accessions of 27 toxic plant species in 22 genera and 17 families were sampled and three DNA barcodes (matK, rbcL, and ITS) were amplified, sequenced and tested. Three methods, Blast, pairwise global alignment (PWG) distance, and Tree-Building were tested for discrimination power.
The primer universality of all the three markers was high. Except in the case of ITS for Hemerocallis minor, the three barcodes were successfully generated from all the selected species. Among the three methods applied, Blast showed the lowest discrimination rate, whereas PWG Distance and Tree-Building methods were equally effective. The ITS barcode showed highest discrimination rates using the PWG Distance and Tree-Building methods. When the barcodes were combined, discrimination rates were increased for the Blast method.
DNA barcoding technique provides us a fast tool for clinical identification of poisonous plants in China. We suggest matK, rbcL, ITS used in combination as DNA barcodes for authentication of poisonous plants.
有毒植物对中国公众健康构成致命威胁。传统的有毒植物临床诊断效率低下、容易出错且依赖专家。在本研究中，我们测试了DNA条形码用于鉴定中国最具威胁性的有毒植物的性能。
采集了17科22属27种有毒植物的74个样本，对三个DNA条形码（matK、rbcL和ITS）进行扩增、测序和测试。测试了三种方法，即Blast、成对全局比对（PWG）距离和建树，以评估其鉴别能力。
所有三个标记的引物通用性都很高。除了小黄花菜的ITS外，所有选定物种均成功生成了三个条形码。在所应用的三种方法中，Blast显示出最低的鉴别率，而PWG距离法和建树法同样有效。使用PWG距离法和建树法时，ITS条形码显示出最高的鉴别率。当条形码组合使用时，Blast方法的鉴别率有所提高。
DNA条形码技术为中国有毒植物的临床鉴定提供了一种快速工具。我们建议将matK、rbcL、ITS组合用作有毒植物鉴定的DNA条形码。
