Foley Norine C, Affoo Rebecca H, Martin Ruth E
School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, London, Ont., Canada.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015;39(1-2):52-67. doi: 10.1159/000367783. Epub 2014 Oct 22.
Although it is generally accepted that deaths associated with pneumonia are more common in patients with dementia, no comprehensive reviews on the subject have previously been published.
Relevant studies were identified through a literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases for publications up to August 2013. Studies were included if (1) a group of adult subjects with dementia and a (comparison) group composed of subjects without dementia were included, (2) the cause(s) of death was/were reported, and (3) pneumonia was identified as one of the possible causes of death. The occurrence of death due to pneumonia associated with dementia was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Thirteen studies were included. The odds of death resulting from pneumonia were significantly increased for persons with any form of dementia compared with those without dementia (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.44-3.42, p < 0.001). In a subgroup analysis, using the results from 8 studies that restricted inclusion to persons with Alzheimer's disease, the odds of death resulting from pneumonia were also significantly higher (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.12-2.58, p = 0.013). Key Messages: The odds of pneumonia-associated mortality were increased more than 2-fold for patients with dementia.
尽管人们普遍认为痴呆患者中与肺炎相关的死亡更为常见，但此前尚未发表过关于该主题的全面综述。
通过检索PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus和ISI科学网数据库截至2013年8月的文献来确定相关研究。纳入标准为：（1）纳入一组患有痴呆的成年受试者以及一组由无痴呆受试者组成的（对照）组；（2）报告了死亡原因；（3）肺炎被确定为可能的死亡原因之一。与痴呆相关的肺炎所致死亡的发生率以比值比（OR）及95%置信区间（CI）表示。共纳入13项研究。与无痴呆者相比，任何形式痴呆患者因肺炎导致死亡的几率显著增加（OR = 2.22，95% CI 1.44 - 3.42，p < 0.001）。在亚组分析中，采用8项将纳入对象限定为阿尔茨海默病患者的研究结果，因肺炎导致死亡的几率也显著更高（OR = 1.70，95% CI 1.12 - 2.58，p = 0.013）。关键信息：痴呆患者因肺炎相关的死亡率几率增加了2倍多。
