Wang Shu-wen, Repetti Rena L
Department of Psychology, Haverford College.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2014 Nov;107(5):864-78. doi: 10.1037/a0037869.
Video recordings of couples in their everyday lives at home were used to study how supportive interactions relate to psychological well-being and experiences of job stress. Thirty dual-earner, middle-class, heterosexual couples with school-age children were videotaped in their homes over 4 days and completed self-report measures of depressive symptoms, trait neuroticism, and job stress. After isolating the specific instances of marital support in the video recordings, the support role assumed by each partner (recipient vs. provider) and the method of support initiation (solicitations vs. offers) in each interaction were coded. Actor-partner interdependence models (APIMs), which accounted for interdependence within couples, tested linkages between husbands' and wives' scores on the psychological well-being and job stress variables, and husbands' and wives' supportive behavior. Analyses suggested sex differences in the way that psychological well-being and job stress influence support transactions. Wives' depressive symptoms predicted more support received from husbands, due both to more support solicitations by wives as well as more support offers by husbands. However, for husbands, it was neuroticism that predicted support receipt-both more solicitations (by husbands) and more offers (by wives). In addition, men married to women under greater job stress appeared to increase their unprompted offers of support to their wives, whereas wives did not appear to be similarly responsive to husbands' job stress. This study provides unique insights into couple support processes as they spontaneously unfold in everyday settings, and highlights the utility of naturalistic observation for better understanding social behavior in close relationships.
通过拍摄夫妻在家中的日常生活录像，来研究支持性互动与心理健康以及工作压力体验之间的关系。研究人员对30对有学龄子女的双职工、中产阶级异性恋夫妻进行了为期4天的家庭录像，并让他们完成了关于抑郁症状、特质神经质和工作压力的自我报告测量。在分离出录像中婚姻支持的具体事例后，对每一次互动中每个伴侣所扮演的支持角色（接受者与提供者）以及支持发起的方式（请求与主动提供）进行了编码。考虑到夫妻间相互依存关系的actor-partner相互依存模型（APIMs），检验了丈夫和妻子在心理健康和工作压力变量上的得分与他们的支持行为之间的联系。分析表明，心理健康和工作压力影响支持性交流的方式存在性别差异。妻子的抑郁症状预示着会从丈夫那里得到更多支持，这既是因为妻子更多地请求支持，也是因为丈夫更多地主动提供支持。然而，对于丈夫来说，神经质预示着支持的接受——更多的请求（由丈夫提出）和更多的主动提供（由妻子进行）。此外，妻子承受较大工作压力的男性似乎会增加对妻子的主动支持，而妻子似乎对丈夫的工作压力没有类似的反应。这项研究为夫妻在日常环境中自然发生的支持过程提供了独特的见解，并突出了自然观察对于更好地理解亲密关系中的社会行为的作用。
