Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program.
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland.
Emotion. 2018 Aug;18(5):707-724. doi: 10.1037/emo0000339. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
Dispositional negativity-the tendency to experience more frequent or intense negative emotions-is a fundamental dimension of temperament and personality. Elevated levels of dispositional negativity have profound consequences for public health and wealth, drawing the attention of researchers, clinicians, and policymakers. Yet, relatively little is known about the factors that govern the momentary expression of dispositional negativity in the real world. Here, we used smart phone-based experience-sampling to demonstrate that the social environment plays a central role in shaping the moment-by-moment emotional experience of 127 young adults selectively recruited to represent a broad spectrum of dispositional negativity. Results indicate that individuals with a more negative disposition derive much larger emotional benefits from the company of close companions-friends, romantic partners, and family members-and that these benefits reflect heightened feelings of social connection and acceptance. These results set the stage for developing improved interventions and provide new insights into the interaction of emotional traits and situations in the real world, close to clinically and practically important end-points. (PsycINFO Database Record
性格消极性——即更频繁、更强烈地体验消极情绪的倾向——是气质和个性的一个基本维度。性格消极性水平较高，对公共健康和财富有深远的影响，引起了研究人员、临床医生和政策制定者的关注。然而，对于在现实世界中决定性格消极性的瞬间表现的因素，我们知之甚少。在这里，我们使用基于智能手机的体验采样来证明，社会环境在塑造 127 名年轻成年人的情绪体验方面起着核心作用，这些参与者是为了代表广泛的性格消极性而有选择地招募的。结果表明，性格更消极的个体从亲密伙伴（朋友、恋人、家庭成员）的陪伴中获得更大的情感收益，而这些收益反映了更高的社交联系和接受感。这些结果为开发改进的干预措施奠定了基础，并为现实世界中情绪特征和情境的相互作用提供了新的见解，接近临床和实际的重要终点。
