内源性大麻素、相关化合物及其代谢途径。

Fezza Filomena, Bari Monica, Florio Rita, Talamonti Emanuela, Feole Monica, Maccarrone Mauro

Department of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy.

Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy.

Molecules. 2014 Oct 24;19(11):17078-106. doi: 10.3390/molecules191117078.

Endocannabinoids are lipid mediators able to bind to and activate cannabinoid receptors, the primary molecular targets responsible for the pharmacological effects of the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. These bioactive lipids belong mainly to two classes of compounds: N-acylethanolamines and acylesters, being N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), respectively, their main representatives. During the last twenty years, an ever growing number of fatty acid derivatives (endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-like compounds) have been discovered and their activities biological is the subject of intense investigations. Here, the most recent advances, from a therapeutic point of view, on endocannabinoids, related compounds, and their metabolic routes will be reviewed.

内源性大麻素是一类脂质介质，能够与大麻素受体结合并激活该受体，而大麻素受体是负责Δ9-四氢大麻酚药理作用的主要分子靶点。这些生物活性脂质主要属于两类化合物：N-酰基乙醇胺和酰基酯，其主要代表分别是N-花生四烯酰乙醇胺（AEA）和2-花生四烯酸甘油酯（2-AG）。在过去的二十年中，越来越多的脂肪酸衍生物（内源性大麻素和内源性大麻素样化合物）被发现，它们的生物活性是深入研究的课题。在此，将从治疗角度综述内源性大麻素、相关化合物及其代谢途径的最新进展。