Papanayotou Costis, Collignon Jérôme
Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR 7592, 75205 Paris, France.
Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR 7592, 75205 Paris, France
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014 Dec 5;369(1657). doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0539.
Activins and Nodal are members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family of growth factors. Their Smad2/3-dependent signalling pathway is well known for its implication in the patterning of the embryo after implantation. Although this pathway is active early on at preimplantation stages, embryonic phenotypes for loss-of-function mutations of prominent components of the pathway are not detected before implantation. It is only fairly recently that an understanding of the role of the Activin/Nodal signalling pathway at these stages has started to emerge, notably from studies detailing how it controls the expression of target genes in embryonic stem cells. We review here what is currently known of the TGF-β-related ligands that determine the activity of Activin/Nodal signalling at preimplantation stages, and recent advances in the elucidation of the Smad2/3-dependent mechanisms underlying developmental progression.
激活素和Nodal是转化生长因子β（TGF-β）家族生长因子的成员。它们依赖Smad2/3的信号通路因其在着床后胚胎模式形成中的作用而广为人知。尽管该通路在着床前阶段早期就已活跃，但在着床前未检测到该通路主要成分功能丧失突变的胚胎表型。直到最近，才开始逐渐了解激活素/Nodal信号通路在这些阶段的作用，特别是来自详细研究其如何控制胚胎干细胞中靶基因表达的研究。我们在此综述目前已知的在着床前阶段决定激活素/Nodal信号活性的TGF-β相关配体，以及在阐明发育进程背后依赖Smad2/3的机制方面的最新进展。
