Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Binzmuehlestrasse 14/26, Zurich, 8050 Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Binzmuehlestrasse 14/26, Zurich, 8050 Switzerland ; Institute of Medical Psychology in the Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Bergheimer Str. 20, Heidelberg, 69115 Germany.
J Eat Disord. 2014 Oct 14;2(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s40337-014-0023-1. eCollection 2014.
There has been limited research about disordered eating in middle-aged women, and to date, few data exist about restrained eating behavior in postmenopausal women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine eating behavior with a specific focus on menopause as an associated factor in restrained eating. Beyond this, we were interested in how postmenopausal status and self-esteem would interact to determine eating patterns in women in middle age.
We conducted an online survey in women aged between 40 and 66. Eating behavior was assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) in premenopausal (N = 318) and postmenopausal women (N = 250). All participants rated their self-esteem using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) and reported their weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference.
15.7% of all participants showed clinically meaningful scores on restrained eating. Postmenopausal women showed significantly higher scores on the EDE-Q subscale of restrained eating as compared to premenopausal women, but when controlling for body mass index, however, this finding was no longer significant. Further exploratory analyses suggest that particularly low or high self-esteem levels are associated with restrained eating. Self-esteem might serve as a mediator between menopausal status and restrained eating, however results of these additional analyses were inconsistent.
Restrained eating may appear in middle-aged women. Particularly in postmenopausal women, restrained eating might be associated with lower and higher self-esteem.
针对中年女性饮食失调的研究有限，迄今为止，关于绝经后女性限制进食行为的数据也很少。因此，本研究旨在探讨饮食行为，特别关注绝经作为限制进食的相关因素。除此之外，我们还想了解绝经后状态和自尊如何相互作用，以确定中年女性的饮食模式。
我们对年龄在 40 至 66 岁之间的女性进行了在线调查。采用饮食失调检查问卷（EDE-Q）评估饮食行为，包括绝经前（N=318）和绝经后（N=250）女性。所有参与者使用罗森伯格自尊量表（RSE）评估自尊，并报告体重、身高、腰围和臀围。
所有参与者中，有 15.7%表现出有临床意义的限制进食评分。与绝经前女性相比，绝经后女性的 EDE-Q 限制进食分量表得分明显更高，但在控制体重指数后，这一发现不再显著。进一步的探索性分析表明，自尊心特别低或高与限制进食有关。自尊可能是绝经状态和限制进食之间的中介因素，但这些额外分析的结果不一致。
限制进食可能出现在中年女性中。特别是在绝经后女性中，限制进食可能与较低和较高的自尊心有关。
